限制失控的光子和典型的暗能量
Constraining the runaway dilaton and quintessential dark energy
摘要：
暗能量是宇宙中最奇怪和最神秘的东西之一，它往往会增加宇宙的膨胀速度。暗能量的两种常见形式是宇宙学常数，均匀填充空间的恒定能量密度，以及标量场，如精粹或模量，其能量密度可以随时间变化。我们探讨一个特定的动态暗能量模型，由标量场驱动的精粹。我们提出了一个模型，$|ϕ(a)|/m_P \equiv α_1 \ln t+ α_2 t^n=α\ln a+ β\, a^{2ζ}$，其中$a$是标度因子和$α$和$ζ$的模型的参数的形式。这种对$ϕ$的唯象分析可以被许多有效弦理论和四维弦引力模型中标量介子场的一般解所激发。使用当前的数据，包括Ia型超新星的汇编，我们施加观测约束的斜率参数，如$α$和$ζ$，然后讨论我们的结果的关系，分析约束的各种宇宙学参数，包括暗能量状态方程。合理的约束施加在模型参数，如$α$和$ζ$以及暗能量/暗物质耦合使用结构形成的结果。这个模型的约束，包括宇宙学常数限制在$1σ$误差条。
英文摘要：
Dark Energy is some of the weirdest and most mysterious stuff in the universe that tends to increase the rate of expansion of the universe. Two commonly known forms of dark energy are the cosmological constant, a constant energy density filling space homogeneously, and scalar fields such as quintessence or moduli whose energy density can vary with time. We explore one particular model for dynamic dark energy; quintessence driven by a scalar dilaton field. We propose an ansatz for the form of the dilaton field, $|ϕ(a)|/m_P \equiv α_1 \ln t+ α_2 t^n=α\ln a+ β\, a^{2ζ}$, where $a$ is the scale factor and $α$ and $ζ$ are parameters of the model. This phenomenological ansatz for $ϕ$ can be motivated by generic solutions of a scalar dilaton field in many effective string theory and string-inspired gravity models in four dimensions. Using a compilation of current data including type Ia supernovae, we impose observational constraints on the slope parameters like $α$ and $ζ$ and then discuss the relation of our results to analytical constrains on various cosmological parameters, including the dark energy equation of state. Sensible constraints are imposed on model parameters like $α$ and $ζ$ as well as on the dark energy/dark matter couplings using results from structure formation. The constraints of this model are shown to encompass the cosmological constant limit within $1σ$ error bars.
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