In this last paper in a series of three on weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter in the solar system, we focus on WIMPs bound to the system by gravitationally scattering off of planets. We present simulations of WIMP orbits in a toy solar system consisting of only the Sun and Jupiter. As previous work suggested, we find that the density of gravitationally captured WIMPs at the Earth is small and largely insensitive to the details of elastic scattering in the Sun. However, we find that the density of gravitationally captured WIMPs may be affected by external Galactic gravitational fields. If such fields are unimportant, the density of gravitationally captured WIMPs at the Earth should be similar to the maximum density of WIMPs captured in the solar system by elastic scattering in the Sun. Using standard assumptions about the halo WIMP distribution function, we find that the gravitationally captured WIMPs contribute negligibly to direct detection event rates. While these WIMPs do dominate the annihilation rate of WIMPs in the Earth, the resulting event rate in neutrino telescopes is too low to be observed in next-generation neutrino telescopes.
The next generation of dark matter (DM) direct detection experiments and neutrino telescopes will probe large swaths of dark matter parameter space. In order to interpret the signals in these experiments, it is necessary to have good models of both the halo DM streaming through the solar system and the population of DM bound to the solar system. In this paper, the first in a series of three on DM in the solar system, we present simulations of orbits of DM bound to the solar system by solar capture in a toy solar system consisting of only the Sun and Jupiter, assuming that DM consists of a sing…
I study the possibility of probing Ultra-High Energy (UHE from now on) dark matter particles (>10$^8$ GeV) due to the decay of superheavy dark matter via detection of UHE neutrino signatures from the earth core. The UHE WIMP event rates are estimated at the energies of 100 PeV, and 1 EeV, 10 EeV, 100 EeV and 1 ZeV in JEM-EUSO and at the energy of 1 ZeV in IceCube, respectively. The diffuse neutrino contaminations are also roughly estimated in JEM-EUSO and IceCube. I found that the extreme energy WIMPs can be detected by JEM-EUSO above 1 EeV and by IceCube above 1 ZeV in the $χ$ mass range of 1…
Dark matter in the form of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) can be captured by the Sun and the Earth, sink to their cores, annihilate and produce neutrinos that can be searched for with neutrino telescopes. The calculation of the capture rates of WIMPs in the Sun and especially the Earth are affected by large uncertainties coming mainly from effects of the planets in the Solar System, reducing the capture rates by up to an order of magnitude (or even more in some cases). We show that the WIMPs captured by weak scatterings in the Sun also constitute an important bound WIMP populatio…
As disc galaxies form in a hierarchical cosmology, massive merging satellites are preferentially dragged towards the disc plane. The material accreted from these satellites forms a dark matter disc that contributes 0.25 - 1.5 times the non-rotating halo density at the solar position. Here, we show the importance of the dark disc for indirect dark matter detection in neutrino telescopes. Previous predictions of the neutrino flux from WIMP annihilation in the Earth and the Sun have assumed that Galactic dark matter is spherically distributed with a Gaussian velocity distribution, the standard ha…
The nature of Dark Matter (DM) remains one of the most important unresolved questions of fundamental physics. Many models, including Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), assume DM to be a particle and predict a weak coupling with Standard Model matter. If DM particles can scatter off nuclei in the vicinity of a massive object such as a star or a planet, they may lose kinetic energy and become gravitationally trapped in the center of such objects, including Earth. As DM accumulates in the center of the Earth, self-annihilation of WIMPs into Standard Model particles can result in an exc…
We compute in detail the rate at which energy injected by dark matter annihilation heats and ionizes the photon-baryon plasma at z ~ 1000, and provide accurate fitting functions over the relevant redshift range for a broad array of annihilation channels and DM masses. The resulting perturbations to the ionization history can be constrained by measurements of the CMB temperature and polarization angular power spectra. We show that models which fit recently measured excesses in 10-1000 GeV electron and positron cosmic rays are already close to the 95% confidence limits from WMAP. The recently la…
We investigate the prospects for indirect detection of fermion WIMPless dark matter at the neutrino telescopes IceCube and DeepCore. The dark matter annihilating in the Sun is a hidden sector Majorana fermion that couples through Yukawa couplings to a connector particle and a visible sector particle, and it exhibits only spin-dependent scattering with nuclei via couplings to first generation quarks. We consider cases where the annihilation products are taus, staus, or sneutrinos of the three generations. To evaluate the muon fluxes incident at the detector, we propagate the neutrino spectra th…
In this paper we study the effect of the channeling of ions recoiling from collisions with weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) in single crystal detectors. In particular we investigate the possibility that channeling may give rise to diurnal modulations of the counting rate as the Earth rotates relative to the direction of the WIMP wind, and the effect that channeling has on the "quenching factor" of a detector.
We calculate the limits on the fraction of viable dark matter minihalos in the early universe to host Population III.1 stars, surviving today as dark matter spikes in our Milky Way halo. Motivated by potential hints of light dark matter from the DAMA and CoGeNT direct dark matter searches, we consider thermal relic WIMP dark matter with masses of 5, 10, and 20 GeV, and annihilation to mu^+ mu^-, tau^+ tau^-, and q bar{q}. From this brief study we conclude that, if dark matter is light, either the typical black hole size is \lesssim 100 M_\odot (i.e. there is no significant Dark Star phase), an…
Indirect searches for signatures of corpuscular dark matter have been performed using all cosmic messengers: gamma rays, cosmic rays, and neutrinos. The search for dark matter from neutrinos is of particular importance since they are the only courier that can reach detectors from dark matter processes in dense environments, such as the core of the Sun or Earth, or from the edge of the observable Universe. In this work, we introduce $χ$aro$ν$, a software package that, in the spirit of its mythological Greek namesake $χ\acuteαρων$, bridges the dark sector and Standard Model by predicting neutrin…
In this paper, we extended our earlier work on the reconstruction of the (time-averaged) one-dimensional velocity distribution of Galactic Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) and introduce the Bayesian fitting procedure to the theoretically predicted velocity distribution functions. In this reconstruction process, the (rough) velocity distribution reconstructed by using raw data from direct Dark Matter detection experiments directly, i.e. measured recoil energies, with one or more different target materials, has been used as "reconstructed-input" information. By assuming a fitting vel…
We consider the effects of Galactic substructure on energetic neutrinos from annihilation of weakly-interacting massive particles (WIMPs) that have been captured by the Sun and Earth. Substructure gives rise to a time-varying capture rate and thus to time variation in the annihilation rate and resulting energetic-neutrino flux. However, there may be a time lag between the capture and annihilation rates. The energetic-neutrino flux may then be determined by the density of dark matter in the Solar System's past trajectory, rather than the local density. The signature of such an effect may be sou…
The impact of gamma-ray propagation effects on indirect dark matter searches
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid（马德里自治大学）；Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)（能源、环境和技术中心）；Instituto de Física Teórica, IFT UAM-CSIC（理论物理研究所）；Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, Sorbonne Université（巴黎天体物理学研究所，索邦大学）；Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies, Sorbonne Université（核物理与高能实验室，索邦大学）
We present the results of the first IceCube search for dark matter annihilation in the center of the Earth. Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), candidates for dark matter, can scatter off nuclei inside the Earth and fall below its escape velocity. Over time the captured WIMPs will be accumulated and may eventually self-annihilate. Among the annihilation products only neutrinos can escape from the center of the Earth. Large-scale neutrino telescopes, such as the cubic kilometer IceCube Neutrino Observatory located at the South Pole, can be used to search for such neutrino fluxes. Data…
The ANTARES neutrino telescope was completed in 2008 with the installation of its twelfth line. Its scientific scope is very broad, but the two main goals are the observation of astrophysical sources and the indirect detection of dark matter. The latter is possible through neutrinos produced after the annihilation of WIMPs, which would accumulate in sources like the Sun, the Earth or the Galactic Centre. The neutralino, which arises in Supersymmetry models, is one of the most popular WIMP candidates. KK particles, which appear in Universal Extra Dimension models, are another one. Though in mos…
The XMM-Newton Line Emission Analysis Program (X-LEAP) III: Earth's Magnetospheric X-ray Emission Revealed by 22-Year XMM-Newton Observations
National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院国家天文台）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；Tsinghua University（清华大学）；National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院国家空间科学中心）；University of Michigan（密歇根大学）；Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院紫金山天文台）
We examine the possible influence of Earth-directed coronal mass ejections (ECMEs) on the Sun's shadow in the 3~TeV cosmic-ray intensity observed by the Tibet-III air shower (AS) array. We confirm a clear solar-cycle variation of the intensity deficit in the Sun's shadow during ten years between 2000 and 2009. This solar-cycle variation is overall reproduced by our Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of the Sun's shadow based on the potential field model of the solar magnetic field averaged over each solar rotation period. We find, however, that the magnitude of the observed intensity deficit in the …
