arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 0902.1094astro-ph.HEastro-ph.GAastro-ph.IM
收藏

XMM-牛顿反射式光栅光谱仪的有效面积定标I.蟹状星云的X射线光谱学

Effective area calibration of the Reflection Grating Spectrometers of XMM-Newton. I. X-ray spectroscopy of the Crab nebula

J. S. Kaastra, C. P. de Vries, E. Costantini, J. W. A. den Herder

摘要:

蟹状星云和脉冲星被广泛用作X射线仪器的定标源。XMM-牛顿反射光栅光谱仪(RGS)的空中有效面积校准依赖于可靠校准源的可用性。我们研究如何使用螃蟹作为标准蜡烛的绝对有效面积校准的RGS可以获得。我们分析了RGS观测的螃蟹使用不同的仪器配置和空间偏移,并利用以前的测定的连续光谱的星云加脉冲星。由于RGS的高光谱分辨率,我们解决了主要的吸收边和检测中性氧的强1 s-2 p吸收线。我们得到了一个很好的适合螃蟹光谱使用这个固定的连续和吸收光谱确定的RGS。我们得到了H、N、O、Ne、Mg和Fe中性原子的精确柱密度,以及Fe II的清晰检测和其他离子的严格上限。我们的数据与早期的光学和紫外光谱测量这些离子中的一些是在很好的协议。我们发现太阳能的N和O的丰度,而Ne是过剩的1.7倍,Fe是不足的0.8倍。我们确认,有更少的灰尘在视线相比,基于吸收柱的预测。我们的光谱表明三价铁在尘埃中的作用比二价铁更突出。我们的高分辨率观测证实,蟹状星云可以作为一个X射线校准源。RGS光谱以前所未有的细节确定了蟹状星云的吸收光谱。

英文摘要:

The Crab nebula and pulsar have been widely used as a calibration source for X-ray instruments. The in-flight effective area calibration of the Reflection Grating Spectrometers (RGS) of XMM-Newton depend upon the availability of reliable calibration sources. We investigate how the absolute effective area calibration of RGS can be obtained using Crab as a standard candle. We have analysed RGS observations of the Crab using different instrument configurations and spatial offsets, and made use of previous determinations of the continuum spectrum of the nebula plus pulsar. Due to the high spectral resolution of the RGS, we resolve the main absorption edges and detect the strong 1s-2p absorption lines of neutral oxygen. We get an excellent fit to the Crab spectrum using this fixed continuum and the absorption spectrum determined by RGS. We get accurate column densities for the neutral atoms of H, N, O, Ne, Mg, and Fe, as well as a clear detection of Fe II and firm upper limits for other ions. Our data are in good agreement with earlier optical and UV spectroscopic measurements of some of these ions. We find solar abundances for N and O, while Ne is overabundant by a factor of 1.7 and Fe is underabundant by a factor of 0.8. We confirm that there is less dust in the line of sight compared to the prediction based on the absorption column. Our spectra suggest a more prominent role of ferric iron in the dust compared to ferrous iron. Our high-resolution observations confirm that Crab can be used as an X-ray calibration source. RGS spectra have determined the absorption spectrum towards Crab with unprecedented detail.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑