企业复杂网络的支柱：控制流
Backbone of complex networks of corporations: The flow of control
摘要：
我们提出了一种方法来提取复杂网络的骨干的基础上的重量和方向的链接，以及对非拓扑性质的节点。我们展示了如何的方法可以适用于一般的网络中，质量或能量沿链接流动。特别是，该程序使我们能够解决经济学中的重要问题，即控制和财富如何在国家市场上结构化和集中。我们报告的第一个跨国调查的所有权网络，重点是股票市场的48个国家在世界各地。一方面，我们的分析证实了预期的结果的基础上的文献对公司控制，即，在盎格鲁-撒克逊国家的控制往往分散在众多的股东。另一方面，它也表明，在同一国家，控制权在全球一级高度集中，即掌握在极少数重要股东手中。有趣的是，欧洲国家的情况正好相反。这些结果以前没有报道过，因为如果没有这里开发的那种网络分析，它们是不可观察的。
英文摘要：
We present a methodology to extract the backbone of complex networks based on the weight and direction of links, as well as on nontopological properties of nodes. We show how the methodology can be applied in general to networks in which mass or energy is flowing along the links. In particular, the procedure enables us to address important questions in economics, namely, how control and wealth are structured and concentrated across national markets. We report on the first cross-country investigation of ownership networks, focusing on the stock markets of 48 countries around the world. On the one hand, our analysis confirms results expected on the basis of the literature on corporate control, namely, that in Anglo-Saxon countries control tends to be dispersed among numerous shareholders. On the other hand, it also reveals that in the same countries, control is found to be highly concentrated at the global level, namely, lying in the hands of very few important shareholders. Interestingly, the exact opposite is observed for European countries. These results have previously not been reported as they are not observable without the kind of network analysis developed here.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
