The need for purely laboratory-based light pseudoscalar particles searches has been emphasized many times in the literature, since astrophysical bounds on these particles rely on several assumptions to calculate the flux produced in stellar plasmas. In this paper we study the use of light from synchrotron accelerators as a source for a photon regeneration experiment also know as "light shining through a wall". Such an experiment can significantly improve present limits on the pseudoscalar particle mass and the pseudoscalar-photon coupling constant obtained from laser experiments. This is possible even using a small number of powerful magnets (B = 10 T), due to the large incident photon flux. On the other hand, the use of a broadband incident photon-beam instead of infrared or optical lasers allows a significant improvement in the mass reach of the experiment (it is possible to test masses up to 0.01 eV without a drop in sensitivity). Large, but still feasible, configurations can explore in a quite model-independent way a large part of the parameter space examined by solar searches and HB stars in globular clusters. Additionally, the proposal may be useful for testing string motivated effective theories containing light and weakly interacting particles.
In this paper we explore the decay $η_b --> τ^+ τ^-$ as a probe for a light pseudoscalar or a light axial vector state. We estimate the standard model branching ratio for this decay to be $~4\times 10^{-9}$. We show that considerably larger branching ratios, up to the present experimental limit of ~8%, is possible in models with a light pseudoscalar or a light axial vector state. As we do not include possible mixing effects between the light pseudoscalar and the $η_b$, our results should be reliable when the pseudoscalar mass is away from the $η_b$ mass.
We evaluate the decay branching ratios of $χ_{c1}\to PS$, in a quark model parametrization scheme, where $P$ and $S$ stand for pseudoscalar and scalar meson, respectively. An interesting feature of this decay process is that the $c\bar{c}$ annihilate via the pQCD hair-pin diagram is supposed to be dominant. Hence, this decay process should be sensitive to the quark components of the final-state light mesons, and would provide a great opportunity for testing the mixing relations among the scalar mesons, i.e. $f_0(1370)$, $f_0(1500)$ and $f_0(1710)$, by tagging the final state pseudoscalar meson…
Very light pseudoscalars can arise from the symmetry-breaking sector in many extensions of the Standard Model. If their mass is below 200 MeV, they can be long-lived and have interesting phenomenology. We discuss the experimental constraints on several models with light pseudoscalars, including one in which the pseudoscalar is naturally fermiophobic. Taking into account the stringent bounds from rare K and B decays, we find allowed parameter space in each model that may be accessible in direct production experiments. In particular, we study the photoproduction of light pseudoscalars at Jeffers…
In this article we propose a simultaneous collider search strategy for a pair of scalar bosons in the NMSSM through the decays of a very light pseudoscalar. The massive scalar has a mass around 126 GeV while the lighter one can have a mass in the vicinity of 98 GeV (thus explaining an apparent LEP excess) or be much lighter. The successive decay of this scalar pair into two light pseudoscalars, followed by leptonic pseudoscalar decays, produces clean multi-lepton final states with small or no missing energy. Furthermore, this analysis offers an alternate leptonic probe for the 126 GeV scalar t…
We study the excesses of $R(D^{(*)})$ and muon $g-2$ in the framework of a two-Higgs-doublet model with top quark flavor-changing neutral-current (FCNC) couplings. Considering the relevant theoretical and experimental constraints, we find that the $R(D^{(*)})$ and muon $g-2$ excesses can be simultaneously explained in a parameter space allowed by the constraints. In such a parameter space the pseudoscalar ($A$) has a mass between 20 GeV and 150 GeV so that it can be produced from the top quark FCNC decay $t\to A c$. Focusing on its dominant decay $A\to τ\barτ$, we perform a detailed simulation…
LHC has found hints for a Higgs particle of 125 GeV. We investigate the possibility that such a particle is a mixture of scalar and pseudoscalar states. For definiteness, we concentrate on a two Higgs doublet model with explicit CP violation and soft Z2 violation. Including all Higgs production mechanisms, we determine the current constraints obtained by comparing h -> gamma gamma with h -> V V*, and comment on the information which can be gained by measurements of h -> b \bar{b}. We find bounds |s_2| < 0.83 at one sigma, where |s_2|=0 (|s_2|=1) corresponds to a pure scalar (pure pseudoscalar)…
I investigate a class of models with scalar and pseudoscalar solutions to the g-2 anomaly in the mass range between 1 MeV and 40 GeV. In particular, I investigate the constraints from BaBar, beam dump experiments and from Z decay measured quantities. I find that most of the favored region in this mass range is excluded except for a small window between ~30 MeV and 200 MeV. This open window is expected to be covered by the proposed NA64 experiment. The results can be readily applied to other proposed solutions of the anomaly, such as solutions with Z0 or with the dark photon.
We study the production processes $e^+e^-\to H^0_iZ$, $H^0_iH^0_j$ and $H^0_iν_e\overline ν_e$ in the context of the CP violating MSSM. In a given channel we show that the cross-section for all i (=1,2,3) can be above 0.1 fb provided $M_{H_{2,3}}\la 300$ GeV. This should be detectable at a Next Linear Collider and would provide evidence for scalar-pseudoscalar mixing.
The "$μ$ from $ν$" supersymmetric standard model ($μν$SSM) can accommodate the newly discovered Higgs-like scalar boson with a mass around 125 GeV. This model provides a solution to the $μ$-problem and simultaneously reproduces correct neutrino physics by the simple use of right-handed neutrino superfields. These new superfields together with the introduced $R$-parity violation can produce novel and characteristic signatures of the $μν$SSM at the LHC. We explore the signatures produced through two-body Higgs decays into the new states, provided that these states lie below in the mass spectrum.…
We propose a new search for Dark Matter at the LHC, characteristic of scenarios beyond the Standard Model with a pseudoscalar portal between the visible and dark sectors. This search, leading to a $\bar{b} b Z( \rightarrow \ell\ell) + E_{T} \hspace{-4mm}/\hspace{2mm}$ final state, reaches large regions of parameter space not probed by Dark Matter searches via multi-jet $+ E_{T} \hspace{-4mm}/\hspace{2mm}$, searches for new scalars and flavour bounds. We show that this search could be used to test the Dark Matter origin of the gamma ray Galactic Centre excess with LHC Run 2 data.
We study a pseudoscalar dark-matter model arising from a complex singlet extension of the standard model (SM), and show that the dark-matter--nucleon scattering is suppressed when two CP-even scalars are degenerate. In such a degenerate-scalar scenario we explore the model parameter space which satisfies constraints from the direct detection experiments and the relic density of dark matter. In addition, we discuss a possibility to verify such a scenario by using the recoil mass technique at the International Linear Collider. We find that a pair of states separated by 0.2 GeV can be distinguish…
Probing scalar and pseudoscalar new physics using rare kaon decays
INFN-Sezione di Napoli（意大利国家核物理研究所那不勒斯分部）；Indian Institute of Technology Delhi（德里印度理工学院）；Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon（里昂第一大学，法国国家科学研究中心/法国国家粒子物理研究所，里昂双无穷物理研究所）；CERN（欧洲核子研究组织）；Institut Universitaire de France (IUF)（法国高等研究院）
The prospects for the measurement of the pseudoscalar admixture in the h-tau-tau coupling to a Standard Model Higgs boson of 120 GeV mass are discussed in a quantitative manner e+ e- collisions of 350 GeV centre-of-mass energy. Specific angular distributions in the h --> tau tau; tau --> rho nu decay chain can be used to probe mixing angles of scalar--pseudoscalar h-tau-tau couplings. In the discussion of the feasibility of the method, assumptions on the properties of a future detector for an e+ e- linear collider such as TESLA are used. The Standard Model Higgsstrahlung production process is …
Recently a data set containing linear and circular polarisation information of a collection of six hundred pulsars has been released. The operative radio wavelength for the same was 21 cm. Pulsars radio emission process is modelled either with synchroton / superconducting self-Compton route or with curvature radiation route. These theories fall short of accounting for the circular polarisation observed, as they are predisposed towards producing, solely, linear polarisation. Here we invoke (pseudo)scalars and their interaction with photons mediated by colossal magnetic fields of pulsars, to acc…
Recently, the PVLAS collaboration has reported an anomalously large rotation of the polarization of light in the presence of a magnetic field. As a possible explanation they consider the existence of a light pseudoscalar particle coupled to two photons. In this note, we propose a method of independently testing this result by using a high-energy photon regeneration experiment (the X-ray analogue of "invisible light shining through walls") using the synchrotron X-rays from a free-electron laser (FEL). With such an experiment the region of parameter space implied by PVLAS could be probed in a ma…
Within the context of a generalized linear sigma model that includes two nonets of scalar mesons (a two-quark nonet and a four-quark nonet) and two nonets of pseudoscalar mesons (a two-quark nonet and a four-quark nonet) a collective description of scalar and pseudoscalar mesons below and above 1 GeV is studied. The quark contents of these states are probed; estimates on their quark components are extracted; and prediction for pi pi scattering amplitude is made. An overview of these studies is presented here.
Radiation propagating over cosmological distances can probe light weakly interacting pseudoscalar (or scalar) particles. The existence of a spin-0 field changes the dynamical symmetries of electrodynamics. It predicts spontaneous generation of polarization of electromagnetic waves due to mode mixing in the presence of background magnetic field.We illustrate this by calculations of propagation in a uniform medium, as well as in a slowly varying background medium, and finally with resonant mixing. Highly complicated correlations between different Stokes parameters are predicted depending on the …
Recently, we have used, pulsar polarisation datasets, on circular polarisation degree & linear polarisation position angle, to relate with well established theories, on ellipticity parameter and linear polarisation position angles, accrued by unpolarised photons, while undergoing photon-ALP oscillations, inside a magnetised medium. This has given us parameter values such as ALP mass and its coupling to photons. To further test this, we now switch to different wavebands, other than earlier 21 cm wavelength, and check for the validity of our model. Here we use two data sets on circular polarisat…
We propose a fermionic dark matter model by extending Standard Model with a Dirac fermion and a real pseudoscalar. The fermion dark matter particle interacts with the Standard Model sector via the Higgs portal through a dimension five interaction term as also through a pseudoscalar interaction term. The parameter space of the model is then constrained by using the vacuum stability and perturbativity condition as also with the LHC constraints. They are finally constrained by the PLANCK results for dark matter relic densities. The direct detection limits are then ensured to have satisfied by the…
The evaluation, systematic analysis and numerical study of the semileptonic $τ$-lepton decays with two mesons in the final state has been made in the frame of the standard model extended by right handed neutrinos. In the analysis, heavy-neutrino nondecoupling effects, finite quark masses, quark and meson mixings, finite widths of vector mesons, chiral symmetry breakings in vector-meson--pseudoscalar-meson vertices and effective Higgs-boson--pseudoscalar-meson couplings have been included. Numerical estimates reveal that the decays $τ^-\to e^-π^-π^+$, $τ^-\to e^-K^-K^+$ and $τ^-\to e^-K^0\bar{K…
CP violation in charm decay was observed in the decays $D^0\rightarrow P^{\pm}P^{\mp}$ of a $D^0$ meson to two pseudoscalars. When interpreted within the SM, the results imply that the ratio of the relevant rescattering amplitudes has a magnitude and phase that are both of $O(1)$. We discuss ways to probe similar ratios in $D^0\rightarrow V^{\pm}P^{\mp}$ decays, where $V$ is a vector that decays to two pseudoscalars, from the Dalitz-plot analysis of time-integrated three-body decays. Compared to two-body decays, three-body decays have the advantage that the complete system can be solved withou…
Probing the neutrino mass through semileptonic meson decays
IJCLab, Pôle Théorie (Bat. 210), CNRS/IN2P3 et Université Paris-Saclay（巴黎萨克雷大学）；Department of Physics, University of Ljubljana（卢布尔雅那大学）；Jožef Stefan Institute（约瑟夫·斯特凡研究所）
We introduce an extension to the ladder truncated Bethe-Salpeter equation for mesons and the rainbow truncated quark Dyson-Schwinger equations which includes quark-loop corrections to the gluon propagator. This truncation scheme obeys the axialvector Ward-Takahashi identity relating the quark self-energy and the Bethe-Salpeter kernel. Two different approximations to the Yang-Mills sector are used as input: the first is a sophisticated truncation of the full Yang-Mills Dyson-Schwinger equations, the second is a phenomenologically motivated form. We find that the spectra and decay constants of p…
We study the constraints on the contribution of new physics in the form of scalar/pseudoscalar operators to the average forward backward asymmetry <A_{FB}> of muons in B --> K mu+ mu- and the longitudinal polarization asymmetry A_{LP} of muons in B_s --> mu+ mu-. We find that the maximum possible value of <A_{FB}> allowed by the present upper bound on B(B_s --> mu+ mu-) is about 1% at 95% C.L. and hence will be very difficult to measure. On the other hand, the present bound on B(B_s --> mu+ mu-) fails to put any constraints on A_{LP}, which can be as high as 100% even if B(B_s --> mu+ mu-) is …
Many extensions of the standard model (SM) predict the existence of axion-like particles and/or dark Higgs in the sub-GeV scale. Two new sub-GeV particles, a scalar and a pseudoscalar, produced through the Higgs boson exotic decays, are investigated. The decay signatures of these two new particles with highly collimated photons in the final states are discriminated from the ones of SM backgrounds using the Convolutional Neural Networks and Boosted Decision Trees techniques. The sensitivities of searching for such new physics signatures at the Large Hadron Collider are obtained.
Dark matter interacting via the exchange of a light pseudoscalar can induce observable signals in indirect detection experiments and experience large self-interactions while evading the strong bounds from direct dark matter searches. The pseudoscalar mediator will however induce flavour-changing interactions in the Standard Model, providing a promising alternative way to test these models. We investigate in detail the constraints arising from rare meson decays and fixed target experiments for different coupling structures between the pseudoscalar and Standard Model fermions. The resulting boun…
We carry out a comprehensive survey of electromagnetic form factors of all light, heavy and heavy-light ground-state pseudoscalar and scalar mesons. Our analysis is based upon a Schwinger-Dyson equations treatment of a vector $\times$ vector contact interaction. It incorporates confinement and ensures axial vector and vector Ward-Takahashi identities are satisfied along with the corresponding corollaries such as the Goldberger-Treiman relations. The algebraic simplicity of the model allows us to compute the form factors at arbitrarily large virtualities of the probing photon momentum squared w…
We investigate the bounds on tau-mu lepton flavor violation (LFV). Our main focus is on the collider constrains on tau-mu LFV. We use the Type-III Two-Higgs-Doublet-Model (2HDM) as a set up for our study. While the LFV branching fraction of the 125 GeV is well constrained by current LHC searches, the heavier neutral states could have a large branching fraction to tau and muon. We estimate the LHC reach for the 13 TeV center of mass energy with 300 $\text{fb}^{-1}$ luminosity for a neutral boson decaying into a tau and a muon. We identify parts of the LFV parameter space where the searches for …
Monojet searches are a powerful way to place model-independent constraints on effective operators coupling dark matter to the standard model. For operators generated by the exchange of a scalar mediator, however, couplings to light quarks are suppressed and the prospect of probing such interactions through the inclusive monojet channel at the LHC is limited. We propose dedicated searches, focusing on bottom and top quark final states, to constrain this class of operators. We show that a search in mono b-jets can significantly improve current limits. The mono-b signal arises partly from direct …
In this paper we study CP violation in photon self-interactions at low energy. These interactions, mediated by the effective operator $FFF\tilde{F}$, where ($\tilde F$) $F$ is the (dual) electromagnetic field strength, have yet to be directly probed experimentally. Possible sources for such interactions are weakly coupled light scalars with both scalar and pseudoscalar couplings to photons (for instance, complex Higgs-portal scalars or the relaxion), or new light fermions coupled to photons via dipole operators. We propose a method to isolate the CP-violating contribution to the photon self-in…
We investigate the scalar sector in an extension of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) containing a $SU(2)$ Higgs triplet of zero hypercharge and a gauge singlet beside the $SU(2)$ scalar doublets. In particular, we focus on a scenario of this model which allows a light pseudoscalar and/or a scalar below $100$ GeV, consistent with the most recent data from the LHC and the earlier data from the LEP experiments. We analyze the exotic decay of the discovered Higgs $(h_{125})$ into two light (hidden) Higgs bosons present in the extension. The latter are allowed by the uncertainties i…
Probing Glueball content of X(2370) through heavy quarkonium radiative decays and electron-positron annihilation
Nanjing Normal University（南京师范大学）；Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院高能物理研究所）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）
CP-odd scalars are an integral part of many extensions of the Standard Model. Recently, electroweak-scale pseudoscalars have received increased attention in explaining the diffuse gamma-ray excess from the Galactic Centre. Elusive due to absence of direct couplings to gauge bosons, these particles receive only weak constraints from direct searches at LEP or searches performed during the first LHC runs. We investigate the LHC's sensitivity in observing a CP-odd scalar in di-top associated production in the mass range $20 \leq m_A \leq 100$ GeV using jet substructure based reconstruction techniq…
Probing Axion Nucleon Coupling with Optomechanical Frequency Shift Measurements
Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交大物理与天文学院人工结构与量子控制教育部重点实验室）
The intensive synchrotron radiation resulting from quarks interacting with the collective confining color field in relativistic heavy ion collisions is discussed. The spectrum of photons with large transverse momentum is calculated and compared with the experimental data to demonstrate the feasibility of this type of radiation. A study of the earlier predicted azimuthal anisotropy in the angular distribution of dileptons with respect to the three-momentum of the pair is performed as well. This boundary-induced mechanism of lepton pair production is shown to possess the features that are distin…
Recent experiments suggest that polarized photons may couple significantly to pseudoscalar particles such as axions. We study the possible observational signatures of axion-photon coupling for radiation from magnetic stars, with particular focus on neutron stars. We present general methods for calculating the axion-photon conversion probability during propagation through a varying magnetized vacuum as well as across an inhomogeneous atmosphere. Partial axion-photon conversion may take place in the vacuum region outside the neutron star. Strong axion-photon mixing occurs due to a resonance in t…
Some of the outstanding questions of particle physics today concern the neutrino sector, in particular whether there are more neutrinos than those already known and whether they are Dirac or Majorana particles.There are different ways to explore these issues. In this article we describe neutrino-mediated decays of charged pseudoscalar mesons such as $π^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$ and $B^{\pm}$, in scenarios where extra neutrinos are heavy and can be on their mass shell. We discuss semileptonic and leptonic decays of such kinds. We investigate possible ways of using these decays in order to distinguish b…
Based on the coalescence model for light nuclei production, we show that the yield ratio $\mathcal{O}_\text{p-d-t} = N_{^3\text{H}} N_p / N_\text{d}^2$ of $p$, d, and $^3$H in heavy-ion collisions is sensitive to the neutron relative density fluctuation $Δn= \langle (δn)^2\rangle/\langle n\rangle^2$ at kinetic freeze-out. From recent experimental data in central Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=6.3$~GeV, $7.6$~GeV, $8.8$~GeV, $12.3$~GeV and $17.3$~GeV measured by the NA49 Collaboration at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS), we find a possible non-monotonic behavior of $Δn$ as a function…
