在GRANIT谱仪上测量中子引力束缚量子态间共振跃迁的方法
A method to measure the resonance transitions between the gravitationally bound quantum states of neutrons in the GRANIT spectrometer
摘要：
本文介绍了一种在GRANIT谱仪上测量中子引力束缚量子态共振跃迁的方法。GRANIT的目的是利用超冷中子在镜面轨道上的长时间存储，将量子态参数的测量精度提高几个数量级。可以使用磁场梯度的周期性空间变化来激发转变。如果这种微扰的频率（在运动中子的框架中）与由两个量子态的能量差定义的共振频率一致，则跃迁几率将急剧增加。GRANIT实验的动机是寻找短程相互作用（特别是自旋相关的相互作用），研究量子系统与引力场的相互作用，寻找标准模型的扩展，检查量子态中物体的等效原理的独特可能性，以及研究各种量子光学现象。
英文摘要：
We present a method to measure the resonance transitions between the gravitationally bound quantum states of neutrons in the GRANIT spectrometer. The purpose of GRANIT is to improve the accuracy of measurement of the quantum states parameters by several orders of magnitude, taking advantage of long storage of Ultracold neutrons at specula trajectories. The transitions could be excited using a periodic spatial variation of a magnetic field gradient. If the frequency of such a perturbation (in the frame of a moving neutron) coincides with a resonance frequency defined by the energy difference of two quantum states, the transition probability will sharply increase. The GRANIT experiment is motivated by searches for short-range interactions (in particular spin-dependent interactions), by studying the interaction of a quantum system with a gravitational field, by searches for extensions of the Standard model, by the unique possibility to check the equivalence principle for an object in a quantum state and by studying various quantum optics phenomena.
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