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arXiv 0901.4816math-phmath.MP
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从狄拉克符号到概率括号符号:维克转动下的时间演化与路径积分

From Dirac Notation to Probability Bracket Notation: Time Evolution and Path Integral under Wick Rotations

Xing M. Wang

AI总结:

本文通过特殊与一般维克转动,将狄拉克符号中的薛定谔方程和路径积分变换为概率括号符号中的主方程和欧几里得路径积分,统一了量子力学与随机过程的时间演化描述。

摘要:

在这项工作中,我们推进了概率括号符号(PBN)的发展,这是一种受量子力学中狄拉克符号启发的形式体系,旨在为概率建模提供统一框架。我们证明,在特殊维克转动(SWR)这一虚时间映射下,狄拉克符号中的薛定谔方程、跃迁振幅及其相关路径积分会变换为 PBN 中的主方程、跃迁概率及其欧几里得路径积分,由此我们可以重新导出主方程,用以表示诱导的微扩散过程。通过一般维克转动(GWR)扩展这一方法,并采用反厄米波数算符,我们在狄拉克框架和 PBN 框架中并行推导了路径积分。由此得到了用于描述诱导扩散的欧几里得拉格朗日量,以及强阻尼谐振子(由 Smoluchowski 扩散方程描述)的相应表述。我们的发现凸显了 PBN 在连接量子力学与随机过程方面的通用性,为分析这些领域中的时间演化和路径积分提供了一套连贯的符号系统。

英文摘要:

In this work, we advance the development of the Probability Bracket Notation (PBN), a formalism inspired by Dirac's notation in quantum mechanics, to provide a unified framework for probability modeling. We demonstrate that under a Special Wick Rotation (SWR), an imaginary-time map, the Schrödinger equation, the transition amplitude, and its associated path integral in Dirac notation transform into the master equation, the transition probability, and its Euclidean path integral in the PBN, from which we can reproduce the master equation, representing induced micro-diffusion processes. By extending this approach through a General Wick Rotation (GWR) and employing an anti-Hermitian wave-number operator, we perform parallel derivations of path integrals in both the Dirac and PBN frameworks. This leads to the formulation of the Euclidean Lagrangian for induced diffusions and the strong-damping harmonic oscillator (described by the Smoluchowski diffusion equation). Our findings highlight the versatility of the PBN in bridging quantum mechanics and stochastic processes, offering a coherent notation system for analyzing time evolution and path integrals across these domains.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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