扩散、自扩散与粘度的关系
Relationship between Diffusion, Selfdiffusion and Viscosity
摘要：
我们调查的有效性的斯托克斯-爱因斯坦方程的实验极限。扩散和自扩散之间有一个重要的区别。有实验证据表明，在自扩散的情况下，乘积D /T是常数，方程仍然有效。然而，对小的、快速移动的离子的粘度和扩散系数D的现有实验数据的比较明确地表明，乘积D /T强烈地依赖于温度T。扩散系数的温度依赖性比粘度的温度依赖性小。因此，斯托克斯-爱因斯坦方程在这种情况下是无效的。
英文摘要：
We investigate the experimental limits of validity of the Stokes-Einstein equation. There is an important difference between diffusion and self-diffusion. There are experimental evidences, that in the case of self-diffusion the product D /T is constant and the equation is still valid. However, comparison of existing experimental data on viscosity and diffusion coefficients D of small, fast moving ions unambiguously show that the product D /T depends strongly on temperature T. The temperature dependence of diffusion coefficient declines from that of viscosity. Therefore, the Stokes-Einstein equation is not valid in this case.
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