Astrometry can bring powerful constraints to bear on a variety of scientific questions about neutron stars, including their origins, astrophysics, evolution, and environments. Using phase-referenced observations at the VLBA, in conjunction with pulsar gating and in-beam calibration, we have measured the parallaxes and proper motions for 14 pulsars. The smallest measured parallax in our sample is 0.13+-0.02 mas for PSR B1541+09, which has a most probable distance of 7.2+1.3-1.1 kpc. We detail our methods, including initial VLA surveys to select candidates and find in-beam calibrators, VLBA phase-referencing, pulsar gating, calibration, and data reduction. The use of the bootstrap method to estimate astrometric uncertainties in the presence of unmodeled systematic errors is also described. Based on our new model-independent estimates for distance and transverse velocity, we investigate the kinematics and birth sites of the pulsars and revisit models of the Galactic electron density distribution. We find that young pulsars are moving away from the Galactic plane, as expected, and that age estimates from kinematics and pulsar spindown are generally in agreement, with certain notable exceptions. Given its present trajectory, the pulsar B2045-16 was plausibly born in the open cluster NGC 6604. For several high-latitude pulsars, the NE2001 electron density model underestimates the parallax distances by a factor of two, while in others the estimates agree with or are larger than the parallax distances, suggesting that the interstellar medium is irregular on relevant length scales. The VLBA astrometric results for the recycled pulsar J1713+0747 are consistent with two independent estimates from pulse timing, enabling a consistency check between the different reference frames.
Parallaxes, Proper Motions, and Near-Infrared Photometry for 173 L and T Dwarfs From The US Naval Observatory Infrared Astrometry Program
United States Naval Observatory(美国海军天文台);Flagstaff Dark Skies Coalition(弗拉格斯塔夫黑暗天空联盟);L-3 Communications/Brashear(L-3通信/布莱尔);Gemini Observatory/NSF’s NOIRLab(吉米尼天文台/美国国家科学基金会NOIR实验室);California Institute of Technology (IPAC)(加州理工学院(IPAC));Center for Astrophysics and Space Science, University of California San Diego(加州大学圣地亚哥分校天体物理与空间科学中心)
The Araucaria project: High-precision orbital parallaxes and masses of binary stars. I. VLTI/GRAVITY observations of ten double-lined spectroscopic binaries
Astrometric modeling of unresolved variable binary systems. II. Application to Gaia epoch astrometry of nearby pulsating and convective red giants
KU Leuven(荷语鲁汶大学);Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CY Cergy Paris Université, CNRS(巴黎天文台,巴黎文理研究大学,索邦大学,巴黎西岱大学,塞吉-蓬图瓦兹大学,法国国家科学研究中心);French-Chilean Laboratory for Astronomy, IRL 3386, CNRS and U. de Chile(法智利天文学联合实验室,法国国家科学研究中心和智利大学)
VLBI astrometry on the white dwarf pulsar AR Scorpii
天蝎座AR(AR Sco)是唯一已知的无线电脉冲白矮星双星,在无线电,红外线,光学和紫外线波段显示出不寻常的脉冲发射。为了独立确定其射电波段的天体测量参数,我们利用欧洲VLBI网(EVN)在5 GHz和中国VLBI网(CVN)加新西兰Warkworth 30米望远镜(8.6 GHz)进行了多历元VLBI相位参考观测。利用差分VLBI天体测量,我们提供了视差($π=8.52_{-0.07}^{+0.04}$ mas)和自行($μ_α=9.48_{-0.07}^{+0.04}$ mas yr $^{-1}$,$μ_δ=-51.32_{-0.38}^{+0.22}$ mas yr $^{-1}$)的高精度天体测量。新的VLBI结果与光学盖亚天体测量结果一致。我们的运动学分析表明,AR Sco的银河系空间速度是相当一致的中间极(IP)和极。结合之前最严格的VLBI对大小的限制,我们的视差距离表明AR Sco的无线电发射应该位于其白矮星的光柱内。
Dynamical masses of YSOs with the VLBA: DYNAMO VLBA: Trigonometric parallaxes and proper motions of YSOs in Orion
Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie(马克斯·普朗克射电天文研究所);Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(墨西哥国立自治大学射电天文学与天体物理研究所);Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Guanajuato(瓜纳华托大学天文学系);Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University(哈佛大学黑洞倡议项目);David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies, Harvard University(哈佛大学大卫·洛克菲勒拉丁美洲研究中心);Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Florida(北佛罗里达大学物理与天文学系);Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica(国家天体物理学、光学和电子学研究所);Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Universidade de São Paulo(圣保罗大学天文学、地球物理学和大气科学研究所);National Radio Astronomy Observatory(美国国家无线电天文台);Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica (FQA), Universitat de Barcelona (UB)(巴塞罗那大学量子物理与天体物理学系);Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB)(巴塞罗那大学宇宙科学研究所);Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire(赫特福德大学天体物理研究中心)
Precision astrometry of pulsars and other compact radio sources in the globular cluster M15
球状星团(GC)M15(NGC 7078)是至少八颗双星和两颗低质量X射线双星(LMXB)的宿主,其中一颗在射电区域也可以看到。在这里,我们提出了一个多历元的全球甚长基线干涉测量(VLBI)活动的结果,旨在i)测量的自行已知的紧凑的无线电源,ii)发现和分类迄今未检测到的紧凑的无线电源的GC,和iii)检测的签名推定的中等质量黑洞(IMBH)提出居住在M15的核心。我们测量了恒星M15 A和M15 C以及LMXB AC 211的天球赤经运动($μ_α$)和赤经运动($μ_δ$),分别为$(μ_α,\,μ_δ)_{\text{M15A}}=(-0.54\pm0.14,\,-4.33\pm0.25)\,$ mas $\,$ yr $^{-1}$,$(μ_α,\,μ_δ)_{\text{M15C}}=(-0.75\pm0.09,\,-3.52\pm0.13)\,$ mas $\,$ yr $^{-1}$和$(μ_α,\,μ_δ)_{\text{AC211}}=(-0.46\pm0.08,\,-4.31\pm0.20)\,$ mas $\,$ yr $^{-1}$。根据这些测量结果,我们估计M15的整体自行为$(μ_α,\,μ_δ)=(-0.58\pm0.18,\,-4.05\pm0.34)\,$ mas $\,$ yr $^{-1}$。我们检测到两个以前已知的,但未分类的紧凑的来源在我们…
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan(日本国立天文台);Academia Sinica(中央研究院);Nagoya University(名古屋大学);The University of Tokyo(东京大学);Kyoto University(京都大学);Hiroshima University(广岛大学);Yamaguchi University(山口大学)
我们推导了Gaia DR 2 RV样本中所有恒星的贝叶斯距离,并使用Schoenrich,Binney & Asplund(2012)的统计方法来验证距离并测试Gaia的视差。与其他依赖特殊光源的方法不同,我们的方法直接测试样本中所有恒星的距离。我们找到了距离偏差f与距离s接近线性趋势的明确证据,证明了视差偏移Δ p。平均而言,我们发现Δ p =-0.054mas(Gaia DR 2中的视差需要增加)当考虑Gaia集合中的视差不确定性低估时(原始视差误差的Δ p =-0.048mas),形式误差可忽略,系统不确定度约为0.006mas。该值与星震测量的结果一致,但与类星体样本上发现的低得多的偏差不同。我们进一步使用我们的方法来编制一套全面的质量削减的颜色,视星等和天体测量参数。最后,我们发现对于这个样本,Δ p似乎强烈地依赖于视差不确定性σ p(当包括额外的0.043 mas时),统计置信度远超过10σ,比例因子接近1,尽管相关性随sigma_p而略有变化。p依赖性还解决了偏移量与观测周期数n_{vis}和黄道纬度之间无法解释的相关性。每一项使用盖亚DR 2视差/距离的研究都应该调查他们的结果对视差偏差的敏感性,这里描述的视差偏差-对于较暗的样本-在DR 2天体测量论文中。