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arXiv 0901.0831astro-ph.GA
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星际云偏振尘埃发射的预测:辐射力矩排列效率的空间变化

Predictions of polarized dust emission from interstellar clouds: spatial variations in the efficiency of radiative torque alignment

V. -M. Pelkonen, M. Juvela, P. Padoan

摘要:

极化携带着星际云中磁场的信息。利用偏振尘埃辐射观测研究了磁场在分子云演化和恒星形成初期的作用。我们研究了现实模拟的粮食对齐,假设辐射扭矩是旋转的粮食的主要机制。其目的是研究作为云位置的函数的晶粒排列的效率,并研究这些空间变化的可观察到的后果。我们的结果是基于MHD模拟模型云的分析。用蒙特卡罗方法求解连续辐射转移问题,估算了粉尘发射的三维分布和影响晶粒取向的辐射场强。我们还研究了在核心的晶粒生长的影响。我们能够使用Cho和Lazarian的假设重现他们的结果。然而,即使在1D的情况下,各向异性因子低于他们的假设$γ= 0.7$,因此,我们得到更有效的辐射扭矩。与我们以前的论文相比,偏振度与强度的关系是陡峭的,因为在致密的核心内的效率较低的晶粒排列。在没有晶粒生长的情况下,磁芯的磁场在几个$A_{\rm V}$以上恢复得很差。如果核心中的颗粒尺寸加倍,尘埃发射的偏振可以跟踪磁场线,可能高达$A_{\rm V} \sim 10$量级。然而,许多星前核可能太年轻,颗粒凝聚起主要作用。包含方向相关的辐射扭矩效率削弱了对齐。即使晶粒尺寸加倍,我们也不会期望探测到$A_{\rm V}$中超过几个量级的磁场。

英文摘要:

Polarization carries information about the magnetic fields in interstellar clouds. The observations of polarized dust emission are used to study the role of magnetic fields in the evolution of molecular clouds and the initial phases of star-formation. We study the grain alignment with realistic simulations, assuming the radiative torques to be the main mechanism that spins the grains up. The aim is to study the efficiency of the grain alignment as a function of cloud position and to study the observable consequences of these spatial variations. Our results are based on the analysis of model clouds derived from MHD simulations. The continuum radiative transfer problem is solved with Monte Carlo methods to estimate the 3D distribution of dust emission and the radiation field strength affecting the grain alignment. We also examine the effect of grain growth in cores. We are able to reproduce the results of Cho & Lazarian using their assumptions. However, the anisotropy factor even in the 1D case is lower than their assumption of $γ= 0.7$, and thus we get less efficient radiative torques. Compared with our previous paper, the polarization degree vs. intensity relation is steeper because of less efficient grain alignment within dense cores. Without grain growth, the magnetic field of the cores is poorly recovered above a few $A_{\rm V}$. If grain size is doubled in the cores, the polarization of dust emission can trace the magnetic field lines possibly up to $A_{\rm V} \sim 10$ magnitudes. However, many of the prestellar cores may be too young for grain coagulation to play a major role. The inclusion of direction dependent radiative torque efficiency weakens the alignment. Even with doubled grain size, we would not expect to probe the magnetic field past a few magnitudes in $A_{\rm V}$.

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