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arXiv 0901.0555astro-ph.CO
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ARCADE 2 3-90 GHz银河系外天空温度测量

ARCADE 2 Measurement of the Extra-Galactic Sky Temperature at 3-90 GHz

D. J. Fixsen, A. Kogut, S. Levin, M. Limon, P. Lubin, P. Mirel, M. Seiffert, J. Singal, E. Wollack, T. Villela, C. A. Wuensche

摘要:

ARCADE 2仪器在3、8、10、30和90千兆赫频率下测量了天空的绝对温度,使用的是在气球高度观测的开孔低温仪器,在波束形成光学器件和天空之间没有发射窗口。外部黑体校准器提供{ \it原位}参考。系统误差通过使用差分辐射计和将所有关键部件冷却到接近CMB温度的物理温度而大大减小。使用线性模型将每个辐射计的输出与仪器上的一组温度计进行比较。对来自飞行训练、气球、大气和前景银河发射的残余发射进行了小的修正。ARCADE 2的数据显示,除了宇宙微波背景温度为$2.730\pm .004$ K外,银河系外$50\pm7$ mK在3.3 GHz处也有上升。将ARCADE 2数据与文献数据相结合,显示出$T=1.26\pm 0.09$ [K] $(ν/ν_0)^{-2.60\pm 0.04}$在22 MHz至10 GHz($ν_0=1$ GHz)范围内的背景幂律谱,以及$2.725\pm .001$ K的CMB温度。

英文摘要:

The ARCADE 2 instrument has measured the absolute temperature of the sky at frequencies 3, 8, 10, 30, and 90 GHz, using an open-aperture cryogenic instrument observing at balloon altitudes with no emissive windows between the beam-forming optics and the sky. An external blackbody calibrator provides an {\it in situ} reference. Systematic errors were greatly reduced by using differential radiometers and cooling all critical components to physical temperatures approximating the CMB temperature. A linear model is used to compare the output of each radiometer to a set of thermometers on the instrument. Small corrections are made for the residual emission from the flight train, balloon, atmosphere, and foreground Galactic emission. The ARCADE 2 data alone show an extragalactic rise of $50\pm7$ mK at 3.3 GHz in addition to a CMB temperature of $2.730\pm .004$ K. Combining the ARCADE 2 data with data from the literature shows a background power law spectrum of $T=1.26\pm 0.09$ [K] $(ν/ν_0)^{-2.60\pm 0.04}$ from 22 MHz to 10 GHz ($ν_0=1$ GHz) in addition to a CMB temperature of $2.725\pm .001$ K.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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