脉泽导航原理及应用
The Principle and Application of Maser Navigation
摘要：
传统的天文导航系统是以月球、恒星和行星为导航对象.然后利用星跟踪器（即跟踪一颗恒星或行星或它们之间的角度）和星敏感器（即同时感测多颗恒星）来确定航天器的姿态。脉冲星导航也将被引入CNS。脉泽是射电天文学中另一个感兴趣的天体，它的谱线具有很强的通量密度。本文分析了基于多普勒频移测量的脉泽导航的原理以及利用现有仪器进行脉泽导航的可行性。给出了脉泽导航系统的导航方程，讨论了利用脉泽进行组合导航的方法，并给出了在银河系和星系间的应用前景。分析表明，使用一米长的天线可以达到几十米的定位精度，优于目前的星敏感器。将脉泽导航、脉冲星导航和星敏感器集成到天文导航和惯性导航系统中，不仅可以提高导航或制导系统的可靠性和冗余度，而且可以减少或消除对GPS、GRONSS、Galileo和北斗等全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）的依赖。这意味着我们可以在银河系中成功地自由飞行，使用天体导航，包括微波激射器，脉冲星和传统的星敏感器。脉泽作为宇宙中的自然灯塔，将使人类在银河系的空间中自由飞翔，甚至在银河系之外，这在人类进化到卡尔达舍夫文明的第三型中是非同寻常的。
英文摘要：
The traditional celestial navigation system (CNS) is used the moon, stars, and planets as celestial guides. Then the star tracker (i.e. track one star or planet or angle between it) and star sensor (i.e. sense many star simultaneous) be used to determine the attitude of the spacecraft. Pulsar navigation also be introduced to CNS. Maser is another interested celestial in radio astronomy which has strong flux density as spectral line. Now we analysis the principle of maser navigation which base on measuring Doppler shift frequency spectra and the feasibility that use the exist instrument. We give the navigation equations of maser-based navigation system and discuss the integrated navigation use maser, then give the perspective in the Milky Way and the intergalatic. Our analysis show that use one meter antenna can achieve tens of meters position accuracy which better than today's star sensor. After integrated with maser navigation, pulsar navigation and star sensor in CNS and inertial navigation system, is it not only increase the reliability and redundancy of navigation or guiding system but also can less or abolish the depend of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) which include GPS, GRONSS, Galileo and BeiDou et al. Maser navigation can give the continuous position in deep space, that means we can freedom fly successfully in the Milky Way which use celestial navigation that include maser, pulsar and traditional star sensor. Maser as nature beacon in the universe will make human freely fly in the space of the Milky Way, even outer of it. That is extraordinary in the human evolution to type III of Kardashev civilizations.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
