分布式系统中的同步与异步交互
On Synchronous and Asynchronous Interaction in Distributed Systems
摘要：
在考虑分布式系统时，如何处理组件之间的交互是一个核心问题。在本文中，我们调查的范例，同步和异步交互的背景下，分布式系统。我们调查在何种程度上或在何种条件下，同步互动是一个有效的概念，规范和实施这样的系统。我们选择Petri网作为我们的系统模型，并考虑不同的概念，通过关联的位置网元素的分布。首先，我们调查的概念，这是固有的Petri网的语义时，过渡有多个输入的地方。我们假设令牌只能在同一位置上通过转换瞬时获取。我们展示了一个层次结构的“异步”Petri网类的不同假设可能的分布。或者，我们假设在Petri网中指定的同步是至关重要的系统属性。因此，过渡词和它们的前置词可能不再放在单独的位置上。然后，我们回答的问题，哪些系统可以在不限制并发的情况下，以分布式的方式实现，假设位置是固有的顺序。事实证明，在这两种设置中，我们发现半结构化的Petri网描述的问题的情况下，在分布式系统中的相互作用。
英文摘要：
When considering distributed systems, it is a central issue how to deal with interactions between components. In this paper, we investigate the paradigms of synchronous and asynchronous interaction in the context of distributed systems. We investigate to what extent or under which conditions synchronous interaction is a valid concept for specification and implementation of such systems. We choose Petri nets as our system model and consider different notions of distribution by associating locations to elements of nets. First, we investigate the concept of simultaneity which is inherent in the semantics of Petri nets when transitions have multiple input places. We assume that tokens may only be taken instantaneously by transitions on the same location. We exhibit a hierarchy of `asynchronous' Petri net classes by different assumptions on possible distributions. Alternatively, we assume that the synchronisations specified in a Petri net are crucial system properties. Hence transitions and their preplaces may no longer placed on separate locations. We then answer the question which systems may be implemented in a distributed way without restricting concurrency, assuming that locations are inherently sequential. It turns out that in both settings we find semi-structural properties of Petri nets describing exactly the problematic situations for interactions in distributed systems.
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