不同土的侧限单轴压缩曲线形式分析
Analysing the form of the confined uniaxial compression curve of various soils
摘要：
车辆对土壤的压实是造成耕地土壤物理退化的主要因素。单轴侧限加压试验通常用于测试土的压实特性。已经观察到两种主要形式的压缩曲线：（i）在低应力下具有弹性回弹曲线和在较高应力下具有线性原始压缩曲线的双线性曲线;（ii）在高应力下具有原始压缩曲线的偏差的S形曲线。本文对四种不同质地、不同塑性的土进行了单轴侧限加压试验。在不同的初始干容重和含水量下，对原状和重塑样品进行了试验。当粘土含量和/或初始含水量较高时，S形压缩曲线更常见。重塑土比原状土更易出现S形曲线。在高毛细力作用下，孔隙的压缩和孔隙中的水的压缩之间的差异可以解释所观察到的S形曲线。
英文摘要：
The soil compaction by vehicles is a major factor responsible for physical degradation of cultivated soils. Uniaxial confined compression tests are usually performed to characterise the compaction properties of soil. Two main forms of compression curve have been observed: (i) the bi-linear curve having an elastic rebound curve at low stresses and a linear virgin compression curve at higher stresses; (ii) the S-shaped curve having deviation of the virgin compression curve at high stresses. In the present work, uniaxial confined compression tests were performed on four soils having various textures and different plasticity. Tests were performed on undisturbed and remould samples, at various initial dry bulk densities and water contents. The S-shaped compression curves were observed more frequently when the clay content and/or the initial water content were high. In addition, the S-shaped curves were observed more frequently on remould soils than on undisturbed soils. The difference between the compression of air-filled pores and that of meso-pores storing water subjected to high capillary forces could explain the observed S-shaped curves.
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