干涉量子态的信息观
On the Informational Aspects of Interfering Quantum States
摘要：
本文研究量子粒子干涉问题的信息测度。我们证明了由粒子动量分布的概率密度给出的远场衍射图像是对应的施密特模的概率密度的混合，而模式的数目等于屏幕上的狭缝数目。首次引入信息测度来研究干涉图像的质量，并分析了干涉图像可见度与施密特数的关系。此外，我们考虑两个势阱之间的量子粒子隧穿问题的干涉方面。该框架适用于描述氨分子的各种同位素修饰。最后，我们计算了量子系统与其环境之间的最大可能纠缠度的极限，这是由测量所决定的
英文摘要：
In present work we study informational measures for the problem of interference of quantum particles. We demonstrate that diffraction picture in the far field, which is given by probability density of particle momentum distribution, represents a mixture of probability densities of corresponding Schmidt modes, while the number of modes is equal to the number of slits at the screen. Also, for the first time we introduce informational measures to study the quality of interference picture and analyze the relation between visibility of interference picture and Schmidt number. Furthermore, we consider interference aspects of the problem of a quantum particle tunneling between two potential wells. This framework is applied to describing various isotopic modifications of ammonia molecule. Finally, we calculate limits on the maximum possible degree of entanglement between quantum system and its environment, which is imposed by measurements
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