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arXiv 0812.4566quant-ph
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电子泰伯干涉仪

An electron Talbot interferometer

Benjamin J. McMorran, Alexander D. Cronin

摘要:

Talbot效应是一种衍射现象,在许多物理系统中都会发生,其中带有横向周期性的波会以规则的间隔重建自己。在这里,我们提出了第一次观察到的电子德布罗意波背后的纳米制造的透射光栅的塔尔博特效应。这被认为是困难的,因为电子和纳米结构光栅之间的库仑相互作用,但我们能够绘制出整个近场干涉图案,“塔尔博特地毯”,后面的光栅。我们使用Talbot干涉仪来实现这一点,其中来自一个光栅的Talbot干涉条纹被第二光栅莫尔滤波。这种排列已经用于光学、X射线和原子干涉测量,但以前从未用于电子。Talbot干涉仪对入射波前的畸变特别敏感,为了说明这一点,我们使用Talbot干涉仪来测量弱聚焦电子束的波前曲率。在这里,我们报告如何波前曲率缩小的塔尔博特复兴,我们讨论电子塔尔博特干涉仪的应用。

英文摘要:

The Talbot effect, in which a wave imprinted with transverse periodicity reconstructs itself at regular intervals, is a diffraction phenomenon that occurs in many physical systems. Here we present the first observation of the Talbot effect for electron de Broglie waves behind a nanofabricated transmission grating. This was thought to be difficult because of Coulomb interactions between electrons and nanostructure gratings, yet we were able to map out the entire near-field interference pattern, the "Talbot carpet", behind a grating. We did this using a Talbot interferometer, in which Talbot interference fringes from one grating are moire'-filtered by a 2nd grating. This arrangement has served for optical, X-ray, and atom interferometry, but never before for electrons. Talbot interferometers are particularly sensitive to distortions of the incident wavefronts, and to illustrate this we used our Talbot interferometer to measure the wavefront curvature of a weakly focused electron beam. Here we report how this wavefront curvature demagnified the Talbot revivals, and we discuss applications for electron Talbot interferometers.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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