离太阳最近的黑洞是什么？
What is the closest black hole to the Sun?
摘要：
我们研究了两个银河系微类星体GRO J1655-40和A0620-00的距离，这两个微类星体可能是离太阳最近的两个黑洞。我们的目标是提供一个尽可能广泛和完整的测量银河系中微类星体距离的问题。这项工作的目的是公平和严格审查的每一个距离的方法用于这两个微类星体的细节，以表明在我们的银河系中可能所有的微类星体的距离比目前承认的更不确定。此外，我们发现，许多确认的定量结果往往是纠缠在一起，并依赖于非常不确定的测量。我们还提出了一个新的确定GRO J1655-40的最大距离使用红团巨星，并表明它证实了我们的距离小于2 kpc，而不是3.2 kpc的早期结果。由于GRO J1655-40更有可能起源于位于1.0 kpc的星团NGC 6242，我们回顾了A0620-00的距离估计，这是迄今为止最近的黑洞，平均距离约为1.0 kpc。我们发现，A0620-00使用的距离方法也有问题。最后，我们对这个微类星体的光谱和天体测量档案数据进行了新的分析，并应用了Foellmi等人（2006）的最大距离方法。看来A0620-00确实可能比目前估计的更接近太阳，因此可能是已知最接近太阳的黑洞。
英文摘要：
We examine the distance of the two galactic microquasars GRO J1655-40 and A0620-00, which are potentially the two closest black holes to the Sun. We aim to provide a picture as wide and complete as possible of the problem of measuring the distance of microquasars in our Galaxy. The purpose of this work is to fairly and critically review in great detail every distance method used for these two microquasars in order to show that the distances of probably all microquasars in our galaxy are much more uncertain than currently admitted. Moreover, we show that many confirmations of quantitative results are often entangled and rely on very uncertain measurements. We also present a new determination of the maximum distance of GRO J1655-40 using red clump giant stars, and show that it confirms our earlier result of a distance less than 2 kpc instead of 3.2 kpc. Since it then becomes more likely that GRO J1655-40 could originate from the stellar cluster NGC 6242, located at 1.0 kpc, we review the distance estimations of A0620-00, which is so far the closest black hole with an average distance of about 1.0 kpc. We show that the distance methods used for A0620-00 are also problematic. Finally, we present a new analysis of spectroscopic and astrometric archival data on this microquasar, and apply the maximum-distance method of Foellmi et al. (2006). It appears that A0620-00 could indeed be even closer to the Sun than currently estimated, and consequently would be the closest known black hole to the Sun.
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