psi and Upsilon decays may be used to search for light neutral spin-1 or spin-0 bosons associated with a broken extra-U(1) symmetry, local or global, acting axially on quarks and leptons, as may be present in supersymmetric theories with a lambda H_1 H_2 S superpotential term. Recent data on Upsilon --> gamma + invisible neutral constrain an axial, pseudoscalar or scalar coupling to b to f_bA < 4 10^-7 m_U(MeV)/ sqrt B_inv, f_bP < 4 10^-3/ sqrt B_inv or f_bS < 6 10^-3/ sqrt B_inv, respectively. This also constrains, from universality properties, couplings to electrons to f_eA < 4 10^-7 m_U(MeV)/ sqrt B_inv, f_eP < 4 10^-7/ sqrt B_inv or f_eS < 6 10^-7/ sqrt B_inv. The pseudoscalar a (possibly traded for a light gauge boson, or scalar particle) should then be, for invisible decays of the new boson, for > 96 % singlet and < 4 % doublet, for tan beta > 1. Or, more generally, < 4 % /(tan^2 beta B_inv) doublet, which implies a very small rate for the corresponding psi decay, B (psi --> gamma + neutral) B_inv <~ 10^-6/ tan^4 beta. Similar results are obtained for new spin-1 or spin-0 neutral bosons decaying into mu+ mu-.
To clarify the conflict between the theoretical predictions and experimental measurements of the inclusive J/psi production in Upsilon decay, We consider the alpha_s^6 order color-singlet contributions of processes Upsilon --> J/psi+gg and Upsilon --> J/psi+gggg. Both the branching ratio and J/psi momentum spectrum are calculated, and the branching ratio 4.7 x 10^{-4} is larger than the leading-order contribution (alpha_s^5, Upsilon --> J/psi+c\bar{c}g). Together with the QCD and QED leading-order contributions considered in our previous work, the color-singlet prediction of the branching rati…
The relativistic corrections to the productions of double J/psi, double Upsilon, and J/psi+Upsilon at the Tevatron and the LHC were investigated within the frame of nonrelativistic QCD. The ratios of short distance coefficients between relativistic correction and leading order result for color singlet and color octet states in large p_T limit are approximately -1,-11/3, respectively, for pair production. And for J/psi+Upsilon process the ratio is -11/6 for the CO channel. The K factors of relativistic corrections for color singlet and color octet double J/psi production are -0.23 and -0.84 wit…
Branching ratios of the decays of psi(3770) and Upsilon(10580) into light hadrons
考虑到关于D^{ \ast \pm }（2010）的全宽的新数据以及带电和中性美介子B^ \pm、B^0、\bar B^0的质量差，衰变的分支比为psi（3770）、Uppermance（10580）到pi^+pi^-、K bar K、ρ（omega）pi、ρ（omega）eta、ρ（omega）eta^prime、K^ast bar K+ c. c，rho^+ rho^-和K^ast bar K^ast在模型中被重新评估，在该模型中，由于在psi（3770）的情况下的真实中间状态D \bar D和在Uppersion（10580）的情况下的B \bar B，Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka规则被违反。本文讨论了Psi（3770）和Uppersons（10580）到轻强子的包容性湮灭。
Remarks on CLEO New Measurements for Upsilon(1S) Decays to Charmonium Final States and Investigations on Associate Strange Particle Enhancement in Upsilon to J/Psi +X
本文分析了CLEO合作组最近对Uppermont（1 S）衰变中J/Psi和Psi（2S）产生的测量结果和我们以前的计算结果。J/Psi动量谱和Psi（2S）与J/Psi的产生比支持J/Psi（Psi（2S））+ ccbar g作为主要贡献。我们指出，实验数据和我们以前的结果之间的差异主要是由于参数粲夸克质量的设置。我们进一步提出伴随的奇异粒子增强可以作为J/Psi（Psi（2S））+ ccbar g Upplanet中开粲粒子的探针。
Both charm and bottom quarks form nonrelativistic bound states analogous to positronium. The J/psi and psi(2S) charmonium states and the first three Upsilon(nS) bottomonium states, all spin-triplet S-wave quarkonium states below open-heavy-flavor thresholds, have relatively large branching ratios to e- e+ or mu- mu+ pairs. In hadron collisions, experiments measuring lepton pairs can determine polarization by using angular correlation techniques. The polarization, in turn, can be related theoretically to the production mechanism for the bound state. This review summarizes experimental studies w…
Closed-flavor pi + J/psi and pi + Upsilon Cross Sections at Low Energies from Dipion Decays
轻强子低能c-cbar和b-bbar截面的标度对于利用重夸克偶素抑制信号寻找夸克-胶子等离子体具有重要意义。不幸的是，目前对这些近阈值截面知之甚少，最近的理论估计跨越了许多数量级。本文利用已观测到的四个闭味重夸克偶素强子衰变的实验数据，结合简单的跃迁振幅模型，估算了c-cbar和b-bbar介子在阈附近的π散射截面.具体地说，我们考虑了闭味反应pi J/psi-> pi psi'、pi Upsion-> pi Upsion '、pi Upsion-> pi Upsion'和pi Upsion '-> pi Upsion'以及它们的时间反演类似物。我们的结果可能有助于约束重夸克偶素强相互作用的理论模型，并且可以通过对双介子衰变的进一步研究得到系统的改进，特别是psi '-> pi pi J/psi和U'-> pi pi Upperdance.
We update the study of the production of direct J/Psi in association with a Z boson at the Next-to-Leading Order (NLO) in alpha_s by evaluating both the yield differential in P_T and the J/Psi polarisation in the QCD-based Colour-Singlet Model (CSM). Contrary to an earlier claim, QCD corrections at small and mid P_T are small if one assumes that the factorisation and the renormalisation scales are commensurate with the Z boson mass. As it can be anticipated, the t-channel gluon-exchange (t-CGE) topologies start to be dominant only for P_T > mZ/2. The polarisation pattern is not altered by the …
We review selected recent Belle results in quarkonium physics, that include precision measurement of the eta_b(1S) parameters, evidence for the eta_b(2S); evidence for the psi_2(1D); observation of the psi(4040) and psi(4160) transitions to J/psi eta with anomalously high rates; observation of the Upsilon(5S) transitions to Upsilon(1D)pi+pi- and Upsilon(1S,2S)eta. The low excitations of charmonium and bottomonium are in agreement with the Lattice QCD and effective theories calculations, while high excitations show unexpected properties.
We update the study of the QCD corrections to direct J/psi and Upsilon hadroproduction in association with a photon in the QCD-based approach of the Colour-Singlet (CS) Model. After comparison with the recent full next-to-leading-order (NLO) computation for this process, we provide an independent confirmation to the inclusive case that NLO QCD corrections to quarkonium-production processes whose LO exhibits a non-leading P_T behaviour can be reliably computed at mid and large P_T by considering only the real emission contributions accompanied with a kinematical cut. In turn, we evaluate the le…
New, more precise data on diffractive J/psi photoproduction and on exclusive J/psi production in the process pp -> p + J/psi + p at the LHC allow a better constraint on the low-x gluon distribution in the domain of relatively low scales Q^2 ~ 2-6 GeV^2. We account for the `skewed' effect and for the real part of the amplitude, as well as for the absorptive corrections in the case of the exclusive process pp -> p + J/psi + p. The predictions for exclusive J/psi production at \sqrt{s}=8 and 14 TeV and for exclusive Upsilon(1S) production at 7, 8 and 14 TeV are also given. We present results at l…
We report that, unlike most inclusive quarkonium-production processes, the production rate for p p -> J/psi+Upsilon+X dominantly depends on two not well-known long-distance nonrelativistic QCD matrix elements, <O_8^{J/psi}(^3S_1)> and <O_8^{Upsilon}(^3S_1)> at leading order in the strong coupling constant, which account for the transition probabilities of the color-octet spin-triplet heavy-quark-antiquark pairs c\bar{c}_8(^3S_1) -> J/psi and b\bar{b}_8(^3S_1) -> Upsilon, respectively. With the integrated luminosity ~ 100 fb^{-1} at the center-of-momentum energy sqrt{s}=14 TeV we expect that ap…
Cross sections for the concurrent production of pairs of quarkonia (J/psi, Upsilon) and/or gauge bosons (W, Z) from double-parton scatterings (DPS) in high-energy proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at the LHC are calculated. The estimates are based on next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD predictions, including nuclear modifications of the parton densities, for the corresponding single-scattering cross sections. Expected event rates for J/psi+J/psi, J/psi+Upsilon, J/psi+W, J/psi+Z, Upsilon+Upsilon, Upsilon+W, Upsilon+Z, and same-sign W+W production in their (di)leptonic decay modes…
We explore the effects of shadowing on inclusive J/psi and Upsilon(1S) production at AFTER@LHC. We also present the rates as a function of p_T and rapidity for p+Pb and Pb+p collisions in the proposed AFTER@LHC rapidity acceptance.
Based on the nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization formalism, we investigate inclusive productions of two spin-triplet S-wave quarkonia pp->2J/psi+X, 2Upsilon+X, and J/psi+Upsilon+X at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The total production rates integrated over the rapidity (y) and transverse-momentum (p_T) ranges |y|<2.4 and p_T<50 GGeV are predicted to be sigma[pp->2J/psi+X] = 22 (35) nb, sigma[pp->2Upsilon+X] = 24 (49) pb, and sigma[pp->J/psi+Upsilon+X] = 7 (13) pb at the center-of-momentum energy sqrt{s} = 7 (14) TeV. In order to provide predictions that can be useful in both small- and …
We investigate the theoretical uncertainty on the predictions for the photoproduction of J/psi and Upsilon states in the proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at the LHC within the color dipole formalism. Predictions for the rapidity distributions are presented and the dependence on the meson wavefunction, heavy quark mass as well as the models for the dipole cross section are analyzed. We compare directly the theoretical results to the recent data from ALICE collaboration on J/psi production in pPb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV and in PbPb collisio…
We discuss the potential to constrain the small-$x$ PDFs using the exclusive production of heavy vector mesons. The calculation of $J/ψ$ and $Υ$ photoproduction at NLO in collinear factorisation is described. The different behaviour of the NLO corrections for $J/ψ$ and $Υ$ is highlighted and we outline what might be expected from the inclusion of these processes in a PDF fit.
We revisit inclusive J/psi and Upsilon photoproduction at lepton-hadron colliders, namely in the limit when the exchanged photon is quasi real. Our computation includes the next-to-leading-order (NLO) alpha_s corrections to the leading-order contributions in v. Similarly to the case of NLO charmonium-hadroproduction processes, the resulting cross sections obtained in the MS-bar factorisation scheme are sometimes found to be negative. We show that the scale-fixing criteria which we derived in a previous study of eta(c) production successfully solves this problem from the EicC all the way up to …
We evaluate the production cross section for direct J/Psi and Upsilon integrated in P_T for various collision energies in the QCD-based Colour-Singlet Model (CSM). We consider the LO contribution from gluon fusion whose P_T-integrated cross section shows a very good agreement with the Tevatron and LHC data, both for J/Psi and Upsilon. The rapidity distribution of this yield is evaluated in the central region relevant for the ATLAS and CMS detectors, as well as in the more forward region relevant for the ALICE and LHCb detectors. The results obtained here are compatible with those of other appr…
We investigate whether the Balitsky-Fadin-Kuraev-Lipatov (BFKL) low x evolution equation is capable to describe the energy dependence of the exclusive photo-production cross-section of vector mesons J/Psi and Upsilon on protons. Such cross-sections have been measured by both HERA experiments H1 and ZEUS in electron-proton collisions and by LHC experiments ALICE, CMS and LHCb in ultra-peripheral proton-proton and ultra-peripheral proton-lead collisions. Our approach provides a perturbative description of the rise with energy and relies only on a fit of the initial transverse momentum profile of…
Invisible psi and Upsilon decays into light neutralinos, within the MSSM or N(n)MSSM, are smaller than for nu nubar production, even if light spin-0 particles are coupled to quarks and neutralinos. In a more general way, light dark matter particles are normally forbidden, unless they can annihilate sufficiently through a new interaction stronger than weak interactions (at lower energies), as induced by a light spin-1 U boson, or heavy-fermion exchanges in the case of scalar dark matter. We discuss the possible contributions of U-boson, heavy-fermion, or spin-0 exchanges to invisible psi and Up…
The charmonium yields are expected to be considerably suppressed if a deconfined medium is formed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. In addition, the bottomonium states, with the possible exception of the Upsilon(1S) state, are also expected to be suppressed in heavy-ion collisions. However, in proton-nucleus collisions the quarkonium production cross sections, even those of the Upsilon(1S), are also suppressed. These "cold nuclear matter" effects need to be accounted for before signals of the high density QCD medium can be identified in the measurements made in nucleus-nucleus collisions. W…
Possibility of Exotic States in the Upsilon system
最近来自Belle的数据显示了异常大的部分宽度Uppermont（5S）--> Uppermont（1 S）pi^+pi^-和Uppermont（5S）--> Uppermont（2S）pi^+ pi^-。Belle在psi' pi^+谱中也报道了Z（4430）窄共振，它具有预期的性质。（cbar c u dbar）带电等矢量四夸克态T^{+-}_cc底部扇区的类似态T^{+-}可能介导Upperdum系统中的巨大级联衰变，Upperdum（mS）--> T^{+-}_bb pi^{-+} --> Upperdum（nS）pi^+ π^-，四夸克-π介子中间态我们建议在这些衰变中寻找（bbar b u dbar）四夸克态，作为Uppersons（1 S）pi或Uppersons（2S）pi系统不变质量的峰值。（bbar b u sbar）四夸克态可以作为一个峰出现在所观察到的衰变Uppersons（5S）--> Uppersons（1 S）K^+ K^-中，它是Uppersons（1 S）K系统不变质量的一个峰。我们回顾的模型表明，这些四夸克是低于两个重介子阈值，但分别高于Uppermos pi pi和Uppermos K Kbar阈值。
We present a unified analysis of the decays of bottomonia Upsilon(mS) -> Upsilon(nS) pi pi (m>n, m=2,3,4,5, n=1,2,3), charmonia J/psi -> phi (pi pi, K antiK), psi(2S) -> J/psi pi pi and the isoscalar S-wave processes pi pi -> pi pi, K antiK, eta eta. In this analysis we extend our recent study of low-lying (m=2,3) radial excitations of bottomonia to modes involving higher (m=4,5) excited states. Similarly as for the data on lower radial excitations, we confirm that the data for higher radially excited states from the BaBar and Belle collaborations can be described under conditions that the fin…
Hadronic and Electromagnetic Interactions of Quarkonia
我们研究了夸克偶素的强子相互作用，重点研究了衰变psi（2s）->psi pi pi和衰变updates（2s）-> updates pi pi。多极展开中的主要胶子算子被匹配到手征拉格朗日量上，手征拉格朗日量的系数与现有的数据相拟合，无论是在手征展开中的树级还是环级。与天真的期望松散的基础上的大$N_c$限制QCD在努力确定这一限制的可靠性，为其他观测，如绑定的$\ps$的核。交叉对称性用于估计非弹性$π\ps\toπ\pss$散射的截面，可能与重离子碰撞有关。在树水平上确定了手征拉格朗日量中的辐射衰变psi（2s）->psi pi pi gamma和upper（2s）-> upper pi pi gamma。对这种衰变的测量将提供对多极展开和手征展开的检验。我们简要地讨论了从uppertons（3s）的衰变，也从介子的夸克偶素的电磁极化率的贡献。
We present predictions for double-quarkonium production in the kinematical region relevant for the proposed fixed-target experiment using the LHC beams (dubbed as AFTER@LHC). These include all spin-triplet S -wave charmonium and bottomonium pairs, i.e. Psi(n_1S) + Psi(n_2S), Psi(n_1S) + Upsilon(m_1S) and Upsilon(m_1S) + Upsilon(m_2S ) with n_1,n_2 = 1,2 and m_1,m_2 = 1,2,3. We calculate the contributions from double-parton scatterings and single-parton scatterings. With an integrated luminosity of 20 fb-1 to be collected at AFTER@LHC, we find that the yields for double-charmonium production ar…
The angular distributions of the decay products in the successive decays chi_c (chi_b) to J/psi (Upsilon) gamma and J/psi (Upsilon) to l+l- are calculated as a function of the angular momentum composition of the decaying chi meson and of the multipole structure of the photon radiation, using a formalism independent of production mechanisms and polarization frames. The polarizations of the chi states produced in high energy collisions can be derived from the dilepton decay distributions of the daughter J/psi or Upsilon mesons, with a reduced dependence on the details of the photon reconstructio…
Upsilon (1S) decay to Xi_cc +anything is studied. It is shown that the branching ratio can be as significant as that of Upsilon (1S) decay to J/Psi +anything. The non-relativistic heavy quark effective theory framework is employed for the calculation on the decay width. Measurements on the production of Xi_cc and likely production characteristic of the partonic state with four charm quarks at BELLE2 are suggested.
Bottomonium-like resonances Zb(10610) and Zb'(10650) are good candidates of hadronic molecules composed of BBbar* (or B*Bbar) and B*Bbar*, respectively. Considering Zb (Zb') as heavy meson molecules, we investigate the decays of Zb(')^+ -> Upsilon (nS) pi^+$ in terms of the heavy meson effective theory. We find that the intermediate B (B*) and Bbar (Bbar*) meson loops and the form factors play a significant role to reproduce the experimental values of the decay widths. We also predict the decay widths of Zc^+ -> J/ψpi^+ and psi(2S) pi^+ for a charmonium-like resonance Zc which has been reporte…
We outline how the time-reversal symmetry T can be systematically used to test the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism embedded in the CKM matrix using pairs of B mesons created at the Upsilon(4S) and pairs of D mesons from psi(3770).
We study the Single-Parton-Scattering (SPS) production of double quarkonia (J/psi+J/psi, J/psi+Upsilon, and Upsilon+Upsilon) in pp and pp(bar) collisions at the LHC and the Tevatron as measured by the CMS, ATLAS, LHCb, and D0 experiments in the Colour-Evaporation Model (CEM), based on the quark-hadron-duality, including Next-to-Leading Order (NLO) QCD corrections up to alpha_s^5. To do so, we also perform the first true NLO --up to alpha_s^4-- study of the p_T-differential cross section for single-quarkonium production. This allows us to fix the non-perturbative CEM parameters at NLO accuracy …
We calculate the branching ratios of chi_{b0} --> tau+ tau- via an s-channel Higgs boson and estimate the sensitivity to this process from Upsilon --> gamma chi_{b0} --> gamma tau+ tau-. We show that future running at the Upsilon(3S) at a very high luminosity super B factory can put significant constraints on the Type-II two-Higgs-doublet model when the discovered 125 GeV Higgs boson is the heavier of the two CP-even scalars.
