准热力学系统平衡态和非平衡态的统一统计描述
Unified Statistical Description of Quasithermodynamic Systems in and out of Equilibrium
摘要：
本文提出了一种广义动力系统的统计描述方法，它的运动方程由两个状态依赖函数决定：1）"能量"--在时间上守恒的量; 2）"熵"--在时间上不减少的量。证明了这类系统在平衡态下的行为降低到热力学低点，特别是满足Le Chatelier原理等，考虑到感兴趣的相互作用系统与测力计-连续测量其能量的装置，可以找到系统在任意非平衡定态（NESS）下的分布函数。得到了能与实验数据相比较的NESS中某些量的平均值的一般关系式。
英文摘要：
We propose the method of statistical description of broad class of dynamic systems (DS) whose equations of motion are determined by two state depending functions: 1) "energy" - the quantity which conserves in time and 2) "entropy" - the quantity which does not decrease in time. It is demonstrated that the behavior of such systems in the equilibrium state reduces to the thermodynamic lows in particular the Le Chatelier principle is satisfed and so on. Taking into account the interaction system of interest with ergometer - the device which continuously measures its energy one can possible to find the system distribution function in arbitrary non-equilibrium stationary state (NESS). Some general relations for mean values of certain quantities in NESS which can be compared with experimental data are obtained.
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