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arXiv 0812.3461astro-ph
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射电天文偏振测量的统计:亮源和高时间分辨率

The Statistics of Radio Astronomical Polarimetry: Bright Sources and High Time Resolution

W. van Straten

摘要:

本文提出了一种电磁辐射的四维统计描述,并将其应用于射电脉冲星极化的分析。新的形式主义提供了一个初步的统计解释模式加宽现象在单脉冲观测。它也被用来争论巨脉冲的偏振度在过去的研究中定义得很差。单脉冲和巨脉冲偏振测量通常涉及具有大通量密度的源和具有高时间分辨率的观测,这些因素需要考虑源固有噪声和小数统计。自噪声示出,以充分解释过剩的偏振色散先前指出,在单脉冲观测明亮的恒星,避免了额外的随机偏振辐射的需要。相反,这些观测结果更简单地解释为协变,正交,部分偏振模式的非相干总和。基于这一前提,可以使用Stokes参数的四维协方差矩阵来导出模式分离脉冲轮廓,而无需关于模式偏振的本征程度的任何假设。最后,利用斯托克斯参数的小数统计,可以确定未分辨脉冲的偏振度从根本上是不确定的;因此,先前关于高度偏振的巨脉冲的说法是不成立的。未发表的补充材料附在参考书目之后。

英文摘要:

A four-dimensional statistical description of electromagnetic radiation is developed and applied to the analysis of radio pulsar polarization. The new formalism provides an elementary statistical explanation of the modal broadening phenomenon in single pulse observations. It is also used to argue that the degree of polarization of giant pulses has been poorly defined in past studies. Single and giant pulse polarimetry typically involves sources with large flux densities and observations with high time resolution, factors that necessitate consideration of source-intrinsic noise and small-number statistics. Self noise is shown to fully explain the excess polarization dispersion previously noted in single pulse observations of bright pulsars, obviating the need for additional randomly polarized radiation. Rather, these observations are more simply interpreted as an incoherent sum of covariant, orthogonal, partially polarized modes. Based on this premise, the four-dimensional covariance matrix of the Stokes parameters may be used to derive mode-separated pulse profiles without any assumptions about the intrinsic degrees of mode polarization. Finally, utilizing the small-number statistics of the Stokes parameters, it is established that the degree of polarization of an unresolved pulse is fundamentally undefined; therefore, previous claims of highly polarized giant pulses are unsubstantiated. Unpublished supplementary material is appended after the bibliography.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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