用不相遇粒子实现哈代思想实验的一种设想
A proposal of implementing Hardy's thought-experiment with particles that never met
摘要：
哈代的思想实验是反对粒子从源到探测器的连续轨迹的最有力的论据。这个想法似乎是从一些简单的实验中得出的一个不可避免的结论。哈代的思想实验最初是针对两个独立的粒子提出的，一个正电子和一个电子，两者要么相遇并湮灭，要么不相遇但纠缠在一起。与永远不会相遇的粒子纠缠的一个重要特征是，它们在粒子之间“隐藏通信”的假设面前提出了困难。事实上，如果粒子不相遇，它们就不可能有彼此的信息，很难解释它们如何交流。为了实现哈代悖论的粒子，从来没有满足，本文提出了使用光子从三个不同的激光器，一个激光器发射紫外线，和其他两个发射的信号光子的波长，分别从下转换的紫外线的空闲光子。在Hardy实验中，湮灭的作用将由下转换对与来自低能激光的两个光子之间的相消干涉来发挥。
英文摘要：
Hardy's thought-experiment is the strongest argument against the idea of continuous trajectories of particles from the source to the detector. This idea seems to result as an unavoidable conclusion from some simple experiments. In its original form, Hardy's thought-experiment was proposed for two independent particles, a positron and an electron. The two either meet and annihilate, or don't meet but become entangled. An important feature of entanglements with particles that never meet is the difficulty they raise in front of the assumption of "hidden communication" between the particles. Indeed, if the particles don't meet, they can't have information of one another and it is difficult to explain how can they communicate. In order to implement Hardy's paradox with particles that never meet, the present article proposes to use photons from three different lasers, one laser emitting UV rays, and the other two emitting at the wavelength of the signal photon, respectively the idler photon obtained from the down-conversion of the UV rays. The role of the annihilation in Hardy's experiment will be played by the destructive interference between a down-conversion pair and two photons from the low-energy lasers.
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