二维胶态晶体中孤子和应变驻波超结构的形成与湮灭
The Observation of Formation and Annihilation of Solitons and Standing Strain Wave Superstructures in a Two-Dimensional Colloidal Crystal
摘要：
将胶体晶体限制在由两个平行壁产生的狭长通道内可用于施加主要机械弹性特征的中尺度超结构[Chui等人，EPL 2008，83，58004]。当晶体在垂直于壁的方向上被压缩时，当平行于壁的颗粒的行数减少1时，我们得到结构转变。这一消失行的所有粒子都分布在整个晶体中。如果限制壁是结构化的（比如说沿着壁的长度有一条线），那么这些额外的粒子既不均匀也不随机地分布;相反，沿着边界产生类似于“孤立子楼梯”的缺陷结构，在晶体内引起不均匀的应变模式。在这里，我们研究的稳定性，形成和湮灭的条件下，这些孤子使用粗粒度的动力学描述。通过比较叠加的配置，以及从我们的模拟获得的分子动画的过程。并计算了相变过程中相应的正应力和剪应力。这些动力学过程的研究应该是有用的控制应变波超结构的各种纳米和介观尺度的粒子的自组装。
英文摘要：
Confining a colloidal crystal within a long narrow channel produced by two parallel walls can be used to impose a meso-scale superstructure of a predominantly mechanical elastic character [Chui et al., EPL 2008, 83, 58004]. When the crystal is compressed in the direction perpendicular to the walls, we obtain a structural transition when the number of rows of particles parallel to the walls decreases by one. All the particles of this vanishing row are distributed throughout the crystal. If the confining walls are structured (say with a corrugation along the length of the walls), then these extra particles are distributed neither uniformly nor randomly; rather, defect structures are created along the boundaries resembling "soliton staircases", inducing a non-uniform strain pattern within the crystal. Here we study the conditions of stability, formation and annihilation of these solitons using a coarse grained description of the dynamics. The processes are shown by comparing superimposed configurations as well as molecular animations obtained from our simulations. Also the corresponding normal and shear stresses during the transformation are calculated. A study of these dynamical processes should be useful for controlling strain wave superstructures in the self-assembly of various nano- and meso scaled particles.
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