用电俘获极性分子测量电子电偶极矩的前景
Prospects for measuring the electric dipole moment of the electron using electrically trapped polar molecules
摘要：
重极性分子可以用来测量电子的电偶极矩，它是超越标准模型的物理学的灵敏探针。该值通过测量分子在垂直于外加电场的平面内的自旋旋进来确定。这种进动相干地演变的时间越长，测量的精度就越高。对于阱中的分子来说，这种相干时间确实可能很长。我们评估中性分子被电捕获的实验的灵敏度，并将其与分子束中的等效测量进行比较。我们考虑使用一个斯塔克减速器加载的陷阱从超声源，并计算YbF分子在强场寻求和弱场寻求状态的减速效率。在阱中保持1s的时间，统计灵敏度可以比在束实验中高10倍，如果阱可以从更大发射度的源加载，这可以进一步提高5倍。我们研究了由于在陷阱中的场的不均匀性的一些影响，并发现，旋转的电场方向，导致一个不均匀的几何相移，是一个敏感的陷阱为基础的测量的主要障碍。
英文摘要：
Heavy polar molecules can be used to measure the electric dipole moment of the electron, which is a sensitive probe of physics beyond the Standard Model. The value is determined by measuring the precession of the molecule's spin in a plane perpendicular to an applied electric field. The longer this precession evolves coherently, the higher the precision of the measurement. For molecules in a trap, this coherence time could be very long indeed. We evaluate the sensitivity of an experiment where neutral molecules are trapped electrically, and compare this to an equivalent measurement in a molecular beam. We consider the use of a Stark decelerator to load the trap from a supersonic source, and calculate the deceleration efficiency for YbF molecules in both strong-field seeking and weak-field seeking states. With a 1s holding time in the trap, the statistical sensitivity could be ten times higher than it is in the beam experiment, and this could improve by a further factor of five if the trap can be loaded from a source of larger emittance. We study some effects due to field inhomogeneity in the trap and find that rotation of the electric field direction, leading to an inhomogeneous geometric phase shift, is the primary obstacle to a sensitive trap-based measurement.
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