arXiv 0811.22302008-11astro-phgr-qchep-ph

洛伦兹不变性破坏与超高能宇宙射线的观测谱

Lorentz Invariance Violation and the Observed Spectrum of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays

S. T. Scully, F. W. Stecker

备注：: corrected proof version to be published in Astroparticle Physics
发表信息：: Astropart.Phys.31:220-225,2009
DOI：: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.01.002

摘要：

在量子引力理论的推动下，人们对洛伦兹不变性的可能违反产生了很大的兴趣。有人认为，少量的洛伦兹不变性破坏（LIV）可以关闭高能宇宙射线（UHECR）与宇宙背景辐射光子的光生相互作用，从而消除Greisen Zatsepin和Kuzmin（GZK）预测的最高能量宇宙射线谱的急剧陡峭。然而，最近由HiRes和Auger合作报告的UHECR光谱的测量结果表明存在GZK效应。我们提出了一个详细的计算结果的修改所造成的LIV的UHECR频谱使用的形式主义的科尔曼和Alfrehow。然后，我们将这些结果与俄歇和HiRes的实验UHECR数据进行比较。基于这些数据，我们找到了$4.5^{+1.5}_{-4.5} \times 10^{-23}$的LIV的最佳拟合量，与$6 \times 10^{-23}$的上限一致。这种可能的LIV量可以导致宇宙射线光谱在比目前观察到的更高的能量下恢复。这样的LIV恢复效应可以使用未来的探测器进行观测测试。

英文摘要：

There has been much interest in possible violations of Lorentz invariance, particularly motivated by quantum gravity theories. It has been suggested that a small amount of Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) could turn off photomeson interactions of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) with photons of the cosmic background radiation and thereby eliminate the resulting sharp steepening in the spectrum of the highest energy CRs predicted by Greisen Zatsepin and Kuzmin (GZK). Recent measurements of the UHECR spectrum reported by the HiRes and Auger collaborations, however, indicate the presence of the GZK effect. We present the results of a detailed calculation of the modification of the UHECR spectrum caused by LIV using the formalism of Coleman and Glashow. We then compare these results with the experimental UHECR data from Auger and HiRes. Based on these data, we find a best fit amount of LIV of $4.5^{+1.5}_{-4.5} \times 10^{-23}$,consistent with an upper limit of $6 \times 10^{-23}$. This possible amount of LIV can lead to a recovery of the cosmic ray spectrum at higher energies than presently observed. Such an LIV recovery effect can be tested observationally using future detectors.

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