洛伦兹论光：一个早熟的光子范式
Lorenz on Light: A Precocious Photon Paradigm
摘要：
1867年，正当麦克斯韦发表他的电磁理论时，L.洛伦兹发表了他的理论，将光的振动等同于电流。从基尔霍夫的欧姆定律表达式出发，洛伦兹引入标量势延迟，得到了一个用延迟势表示的电场表达式。在他的理论中，洛伦兹设定真空光速等于\sqrt{2} /2倍韦伯测量的磁感应超光速。使用波动方程格林函数范式洛伦兹减少了他的积分，延迟欧姆定律制定为电流密度的微分制定。这代表了他对电磁超距作用问题的解答。在减少，他提出了一个光一样，平面波解决方案的电流密度，不能满足初始条件的扩大波阵面，并使用一个错误的部分整合，忽略了延迟，他开发的命名洛伦兹条件。虽然这个条件被普遍接受，但它错误地将矢量势和标量势联系起来。一个适当的关系，并在附录中开发的主要后果。作为结尾，洛伦兹提出了一个光模型，我将其解释为磁感应波。这样的波现在才被研究使用基尔霍夫定律没有延迟。我用现代符号重新写了这篇重要的论文，并做了批判性的注释。这将这篇论文提升到了千禧年研究的教学工具的地位，以理解光作为波和微粒的双重性质，并将我们带回到洛伦兹开始的基尔霍夫定律。
英文摘要：
In 1867, during the time when Maxwell was publishing his electromagnetic theory, L. Lorenz published his theory equating light vibrations with electric currents. Starting from Kirchhoff's Ohm's law expression, Lorenz introduces scalar potential retardation to obtain an expression for the electric field using retarded potentials. In his theory Lorenz sets the vacuum light speed equal to \sqrt{2}/2 times Weber's measured superluminal value for magnetic induction speed. Using the wave equation Green's function paradigm Lorenz reduces his integral, retarded Ohm's law formulation to a differential formulation for current density. This represents his solution to the electromagnetic action at a distance problem. During the reduction he presents a light like, plane wave solution for current density that can not satisfy initial conditions on the expanding wave front and, using a faulty by parts integration that neglects retardation, he develops the eponymic Lorenz condition. Although generally accepted, this condition relates vector and scalar potentials erroneously. A proper relation is given and major consequences are developed in appendices. As a finale Lorenz suggests a light model that I interpret as magnetoinductive waves. Such waves are only now being studied using Kirchhoff's laws without retardation. I redo this important paper using modern day notation with critical annotations. This elevates the paper to a teaching tool position in the millennial search to understand light's dual nature as wave and corpuscle and brings us full circle, back to Kirchhoff's laws where Lorenz began.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
