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arXiv 0811.1837astro-ph
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W3主恒星形成区核心的年轻褐矮星

Young Brown Dwarfs in the Core of the W3 Main Star-Forming Region

D. K. Ojha, M. Tamura, Y. Nakajima, H. Saito, A. K. Pandey, S. K. Ghosh, K. Aoki

摘要:

利用斯巴鲁望远镜对W3主星形成区的极低质量年轻天体(YSO)进行了深源高分辨率(FWHM ~ 0”.35)JHK近红外观测。近红外巡天覆盖的区域约为2.6弧分^[2],在JHK波段,10西格玛极限星等超过20等。这项调查是足够敏感,以提供前所未有的细节,在W3 IRS 5地区,并揭示了人口普查的恒星星族下降到物体低于氢燃烧的限制。我们构建了JHK色-色(CC)图和J-H/J和H-K/K色-星等(CM)图来识别非常低光度的YSO并估计它们的质量。基于这些CC和CM图,我们确定了与W3主区域相关的具有红外过量(I类和II类)的嵌入式YSO候选者的丰富人口。在W3 Main附近也发现了大量的红色源(H-K > 2)。我们认为,这些红色的恒星最有可能是前主序(PMS)的恒星与内在的颜色过剩。通过对极低质量PMS天体的理论演化模型与观测CM图的比较,我们发现在观测区域内存在着大量的亚星星族。质量函数(MF)并没有显示出截止和急剧周转的存在下,至少在氢燃烧的极限。此外,MF斜率表明,W3主星中年轻棕矮星和氢燃烧星的数量比可能高于梯形星和IC 348。质量分离的存在,在这个意义上说,相对大规模的YSO位于集群中心附近,被认为是。估计的动力学演化时间表明,在W3主星中观察到的质量分离可能是恒星形成过程的印记。

英文摘要:

We present the results of deep and high-resolution (FWHM ~ 0".35) JHK NIR observations with the Subaru telescope, to search for very low mass young stellar objects (YSOs) in the W3 Main star-forming region. The NIR survey covers an area of ~ 2.6 arcmin^2 with 10-sigma limiting magnitude exceeding 20 mag in the JHK bands. The survey is sensitive enough to provide unprecedented details in W3 IRS 5 region and reveals a census of the stellar population down to objects below the hydrogen-burning limit. We construct JHK color-color (CC) and J-H/J and H-K/K color-magnitude (CM) diagrams to identify very low luminosity YSOs and to estimate their masses. Based on these CC and CM diagrams, we identified a rich population of embedded YSO candidates with infrared excesses (Class I and Class II), associated with the W3 Main region. A large number of red sources (H-K > 2) have also been detected around W3 Main. We argue that these red stars are most probably pre-main-sequence (PMS) stars with intrinsic color excesses. Based on the comparison between theoretical evolutionary models of very low-mass PMS objects with the observed CM diagram, we find there exists a substantial substellar population in the observed region. The mass function (MF) does not show the presence of cutoff and sharp turnover around the substellar limit, at least at the hydrogen-burning limit. Furthermore, the MF slope indicates that the number ratio of young brown dwarfs and hydrogen-burning stars in the W3 Main is probably higher than those in Trapezium and IC 348. The presence of mass segregation, in the sense that relatively massive YSOs lie near the cluster center, is seen. The estimated dynamical evolution time indicates that the observed mass segregation in the W3 Main may be the imprint of the star formation process.

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