不等质量星系合并中的超大质量黑洞配对
Pairing of Supermassive Black Holes in unequal-mass galaxy mergers
摘要：
我们研究了超大质量黑洞（SMBHs）的配对过程，尺度为20-100 pc使用一组N体/SPH模拟的质量比为1：4和1：10的盘星系的二元合并。我们的数值实验的目的是代表合并事件发生在不同的宇宙时代。相遇的初始条件与结构形成的LambdaCDM范式一致，模拟包括辐射冷却，恒星形成和超新星反馈的影响。我们发现，配对的SMBHs依赖于在合并的最后阶段的同伴星系的中心保存的重子质量的量敏感。特别是，由于气体动力学和恒星形成的结合，我们发现，一对SMBH可以形成在1：10的小合并，提供星系是相对丰富的气体（气体分数的30%的磁盘质量）和合并发生在相对较高的红移（z~3），当动力学摩擦时标较短。由于1：10的合并是最常见的事件在组装的星系，合并是更频繁的高红移时，星系也更丰富的气体，我们的研究结果有积极的影响，未来的引力波实验，如激光干涉仪空间天线。
英文摘要：
We examine the pairing process of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) down to scales of 20-100 pc using a set of N-body/SPH simulations of binary mergers of disk galaxies with mass ratios of 1:4 and 1:10. Our numerical experiments are designed to represent merger events occurring at various cosmic epochs. The initial conditions of the encounters are consistent with the LambdaCDM paradigm of structure formation, and the simulations include the effects of radiative cooling, star formation, and supernovae feedback. We find that the pairing of SMBHs depends sensitively on the amount of baryonic mass preserved in the center of the companion galaxies during the last phases of the merger. In particular, due to the combination of gasdynamics and star formation, we find that a pair of SMBHs can form in 1:10 minor mergers provided that galaxies are relatively gas-rich (gas fractions of 30% of the disk mass) and that the mergers occur at relatively high redshift (z~3), when dynamical friction timescales are shorter. Since 1:10 mergers are most common events during the assembly of galaxies, and mergers are more frequent at high redshift when galaxies are also more gas-rich, our results have positive implications for future gravitational wave experiments such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna.
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