用laser脉冲刺激深度结合的RbCs分子的产生：自旋轨道耦合在形成超冷分子中的作用
Stimulating the production of deeply bound RbCs molecules with laser pulses: the role of spin-orbit coupling in forming ultracold molecules
摘要：
我们通过双色光缔合实验研究了形成深束缚超冷RbCs分子的可能性。我们将所得结果与Rb_2的结果作了比较，以了解杂环分子和均环分子的特性差异。主要的区别来自于不同的激发态的长程势。超冷的85 Rb和133 Cs原子在X^1Sigma+势曲线上碰撞，在Rb（5S）+ Cs（6P_1/2）渐近线以下的区域，首先发生光缔合，形成激发态RbCs分子。我们探索了这个区域中欧米茄=0^+能级的性质，它具有A^1 σ ^+和b^3 π的混合特征。然后，我们研究了含时波包（TDWP）方法的RbCs的量子动力学。通过激发几个电子振动能级形成波包，并允许波包在耦合电子势能曲线上传播。在失谐量为7.5 cm-1时，RbCs的波包到达短程区的时间约为13 ps，这明显快于同质Rb_2系统;这主要是因为异质系统的激发态势曲线中没有R^-3长程尾。我们给出了一个简单的半经典公式，涉及的时间的长程势参数。对于RbCs，与Rb_2相反，激发态波包在内部转折点附近显示出单重态密度的实质性峰值，这产生去激发以形成束缚高达1500 cm-1的基态分子的显著概率。我们的自旋轨道耦合的作用的分析涉及的混合状态的字符一般是重要的光缔合和受激拉曼退激。
英文摘要：
We investigate the possibility of forming deeply bound ultracold RbCs molecules by a two-color photoassociation experiment. We compare the results with those for Rb_2 in order to understand the characteristic differences between heteronuclear and homonuclear molecules. The major differences arise from the different long-range potential for excited states. Ultracold 85Rb and 133Cs atoms colliding on the X^1Sigma+ potential curve are initially photoassociated to form excited RbCs molecules in the region below the Rb(5S) + Cs(6P_1/2) asymptote. We explore the nature of the Omega=0^+ levels in this region, which have mixed A^1Sigma^+ and b^3Pi character. We then study the quantum dynamics of RbCs by a time-dependent wavepacket (TDWP) approach. A wavepacket is formed by exciting a few vibronic levels and is allowed to propagate on the coupled electronic potential energy curves. For a detuning of 7.5 cm-1, the wavepacket for RbCs reaches the short-range region in about 13 ps, which is significantly faster than for the homonuclear Rb_2 system; this is mostly because of the absence of an R^-3 long-range tail in the excited-state potential curves for heteronuclear systems. We give a simple semiclassical formula that relates the time taken to the long-range potential parameters. For RbCs, in contrast to Rb_2, the excited-state wavepacket shows a substantial peak in singlet density near the inner turning point, and this produces a significant probability of deexcitation to form ground-state molecules bound by up to 1500 cm-1. Our analysis of the role of spin-orbit coupling concerns the character of the mixed states in general and is important for both photoassociation and stimulated Raman deexcitation.
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