从最新的LIGO S5数据看新的原始磁场极限
New Primordial-Magnetic-Field Limit from The Latest LIGO S5 data
摘要：
由于磁场的能量动量张量在其各向异性应力中总是包含自旋2分量，因此早期宇宙中的随机太初磁场必然产生随机引力波背景。这一过程将极大地影响残余引力波（RGW），这是激光干涉仪GW探测的主要科学目标之一。最近，激光干涉引力波天文台（LIGO）第五次科学运行（S5）给出了RGW背景下最新的$Ω_{GW}<6.9\times10^{-6}$上限值$Ω_{GW}<6.9\times10^{-6}$。利用这个上限，我们得到了新的PMF极限：对于星系团$λ=1$ Mpc，由电弱相变（EPT）产生的PMF的振幅必须弱于$B_λ \leq 4\times 10^{-7}$高斯;对于超星系团$λ=100$ Mpc，PMF的振幅必须弱于$B_λ \leq 9\times 10^{-11}$高斯.这样，GW观测有可能对原始磁场的研究做出有趣的贡献。
英文摘要：
Since the energy momentum tensor of a magnetic field always contains a spin-2 component in its anisotropic stress, stochastic primordial magnetic field (PMF) in the early universe must generate stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background. This process will greatly affect the relic gravitational wave (RGW), which is one of major scientific goals of the laser interferometer GW detections. Recently, the fifth science (S5) run of laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatory (LIGO) gave a latest upper limit $Ω_{GW}<6.9\times10^{-6}$ on the RGW background. Utilizing this upper limit, we derive new PMF Limits: for a scale of galactic cluster $λ=1$ Mpc, the amplitude of PMF, that produced by the electroweak phase transition (EPT), has to be weaker than $B_λ \leq 4\times 10^{-7}$ Gauss; for a scale of supercluster $λ=100$ Mpc, the amplitude of PMF has to be weaker than $B_λ \leq 9\times 10^{-11}$ Gauss. In this manner, GW observation has potential to make interesting contributions to the study of primordial magnetic field.
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