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arXiv 0810.5130astro-ph
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M83附近旋涡星系的高速云

High-Velocity Clouds in the Nearby Spiral Galaxy M 83

Eric D. Miller, Joel N. Bregman, Bart P. Wakker

摘要:

我们提出了深HI 21厘米和光学观测的正面螺旋星系M 83作为一个项目的一部分,以寻找高速云(HVC)在附近的星系。在M83附近探测到了异常速度的中性气体,其中5.6x10^7 Msolar的HI包含在一个以40-50 km/s的速度旋转的圆盘中,投影速度比大部分气体慢。我们解释这是一个垂直延伸的厚盘中性物质,包含5.5%的总HI内的中央8千秒差距。使用自动源检测算法来搜索小尺度HI发射特征,我们发现了8个不同的、高速HI云,质量从7x10^5到1.5x10^7 Msolar不等,与HI盘相比,速度相差高达200 km/s。大的盘上结构与光学旋臂重合,而未分辨的盘外云不包含漫射光发射,其极限为每平方角秒27 r' mag。厚HI磁盘和较大的云的多样性表明多种形成机制的影响,与银河喷泉负责缓慢旋转的磁盘和磁盘上的离散云,潮汐效应负责磁盘外的云生产。HI云的质量和动能与银河喷泉模型预测的质量交换率一致。如果M 83中的HVC数量与我们银河系中的相似,那么银河系的HVC一定分布在小于25 kpc的半径内。

英文摘要:

We present deep HI 21-cm and optical observations of the face-on spiral galaxy M 83 obtained as part of a project to search for high-velocity clouds (HVCs) in nearby galaxies. Anomalous-velocity neutral gas is detected toward M 83, with 5.6x10^7 Msolar of HI contained in a disk rotating 40-50 km/s more slowly in projection than the bulk of the gas. We interpret this as a vertically extended thick disk of neutral material, containing 5.5% of the total HI within the central 8 kpc. Using an automated source detection algorithm to search for small-scale HI emission features, we find eight distinct, anomalous-velocity HI clouds with masses ranging from 7x10^5 to 1.5x10^7 Msolar and velocities differing by up to 200 km/s compared to the HI disk. Large on-disk structures are coincident with the optical spiral arms, while unresolved off-disk clouds contain no diffuse optical emission down to a limit of 27 r' mag per square arcsec. The diversity of the thick HI disk and larger clouds suggests the influence of multiple formation mechanisms, with a galactic fountain responsible for the slowly-rotating disk and on-disk discrete clouds, and tidal effects responsible for off-disk cloud production. The mass and kinetic energy of the HI clouds are consistent with the mass exchange rate predicted by the galactic fountain model. If the HVC population in M 83 is similar to that in our own Galaxy, then the Galactic HVCs must be distributed within a radius of less than 25 kpc.

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