宇宙辐射中正电子丰度异常的观测
Observation of an anomalous positron abundance in the cosmic radiation
摘要：
已知正电子是在宇宙射线核和星际物质之间的相互作用中产生的（“次级产生”）。然而，正电子也可能是由暗物质粒子在星系晕或附近恒星的磁层中湮灭而产生的。暗物质的本质是当今科学中最突出的悬而未决的问题之一。对正电子的观测将为这些源打开一个新的观测窗口。在这里，我们提出的结果PAMELA卫星实验的正电子丰度的宇宙辐射的能量范围为1.5 - 100 GeV。我们的高能量数据与次级产生模型的预测有很大的偏差，可能构成暗物质粒子湮灭的第一个间接证据，或者是第一次观察到附近的暗物质产生正电子。我们还提出的证据表明，太阳活动显着影响丰度的正电子在低能量。
英文摘要：
Positrons are known to be produced in interactions between cosmic-ray nuclei and interstellar matter ("secondary production"). Positrons may, however, also be created by dark matter particle annihilations in the galactic halo or in the magnetospheres of near-by pulsars. The nature of dark matter is one of the most prominent open questions in science today. An observation of positrons from pulsars would open a new observation window on these sources. Here we present results from the PAMELA satellite experiment on the positron abundance in the cosmic radiation for the energy range 1.5 - 100 GeV. Our high energy data deviate significantly from predictions of secondary production models, and may constitute the first indirect evidence of dark matter particle annihilations, or the first observation of positron production from near-by pulsars. We also present evidence that solar activity significantly affects the abundance of positrons at low energies.
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