表面纳米气泡稳定化的动态平衡机制
Dynamic equilibrium Mechanism for Surface Nanobubble Stabilization
摘要：
最近的实验已经令人信服地证明了在浸没的疏水表面上的表面纳米气泡的存在。然而，经典理论指出，小气泡迅速溶解，因为它们的大拉普拉斯压力导致气体的扩散外流。在此，我们提出，由于朝向疏水壁的气体吸引，气泡通过接触线附近的气体的连续流入而稳定化（Dammer & Lohse，PRL 96，206101（2006）; Zhang { \it et al.}，PRL 98，136101（2007）; Mezger { \it等人}，J. 128，244705（2008））。这种流入平衡了流出并允许亚稳态平衡，然而亚稳态平衡在热力学平衡中消失。我们的理论预测的表面纳米气泡的平衡半径，以及作为疏水性和气体浓度的函数的表面纳米气泡形成的阈值。
英文摘要：
Recent experiments have convincingly demonstrated the existence of surface nanobubbles on submerged hydrophobic surfaces. However, classical theory dictates that small gaseous bubbles quickly dissolve because their large Laplace pressure causes a diffusive outflux of gas. Here we suggest that the bubbles are stabilized by a continuous influx of gas near the contact line, due to the gas attraction towards hydrophobic walls (Dammer & Lohse, PRL96, 206101 (2006); Zhang {\it et al.}, PRL98, 136101 (2007); Mezger {\it et al.}, J.\ Chem. Phys. 128, 244705 (2008)). This influx balances the outflux and allows for a meta-stable equilibrium, which however vanishes in thermodynamic equilibrium. Our theory predicts the equilibrium radius of the surface nanobubbles, as well as the threshold for surface nanobubble formation as a function of hydrophobicity and gas concentration.
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