超冷费米-玻色原子混合物中有效共振冷却的热力学方法
Thermodynamical approaches to efficient sympathetic cooling in ultracold Fermi-Bose atomic mixtures
摘要：
我们讨论了超冷费米-玻色混合物在物种选择性陷阱中的冷却效率。在双色光偶极阱的特定情况下，还考虑到费米气体和玻色气体的热分量之间的部分空间重叠的效果的蒸发冷却轨迹的动力学进行了分析。我们发现，费米和玻色物种之间的大捕获频率比允许实现更深的费米简并，巩固在热力学设置更早的参数的基础上更严格的假设。特别是，我们确认的混合物的最低温度是在玻色子和费米子的热容量之间的交叉，并低于这样的温度交感冷却消失。当考虑到部分重叠的影响时，费米物质的最佳交感冷却可以通过以时间依赖的方式适当地调整两种物质的相对捕获强度来实现。或者，在冷却的最后阶段的陷阱的维数可以通过增加限制强度来改变，这也导致在更深的费米简并的热容量的交叉。这种方法可以推广到光晶格中的费米-玻色简并混合物。
英文摘要：
We discuss the cooling efficiency of ultracold Fermi-Bose mixtures in species-selective traps using a thermodynamical approach. The dynamics of evaporative cooling trajectories is analyzed in the specific case of bichromatic optical dipole traps also taking into account the effect of partial spatial overlap between the Fermi gas and the thermal component of the Bose gas. We show that large trapping frequency ratios between the Fermi and the Bose species allow for the achievement of a deeper Fermi degeneracy, consolidating in a thermodynamic setting earlier arguments based on more restrictive assumptions. In particular, we confirm that the minimum temperature of the mixture is obtained at the crossover between boson and fermion heat capacities, and that below such a temperature sympathetic cooling vanishes. When the effect of partial overlap is taken into account, optimal sympathetic cooing of the Fermi species may be achieved by properly tuning the relative trapping strength of the two species in a time-dependent fashion. Alternatively, the dimensionality of the trap in the final stage of cooling can be changed by increasing the confinement strength, which also results in a crossover of the heat capacities at deeper Fermi degeneracies. This technique may be extended to Fermi-Bose degenerate mixtures in optical lattices.
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