捕获放射性原子的标准模型试验
Standard Model tests with trapped radioactive atoms
摘要：
本文综述了激光冷却和俘获在标准模型试验中的应用，重点是俘获放射性同位素。用现代激光冷却技术捕获中性原子的实验正在检验电弱统一的几个基本预言。对于核$β$衰变，已证明的陷阱技术包括从β-反冲符合测量中微子动量，以及产生高度极化样品的方法。这些技术在第一代粒子中对非标准模型标量相互作用设置了最佳的一般约束。他们也有希望测试宇称对称性是否被最大限度地破坏，寻找张量相互作用，并寻找时间反演破坏的新来源。也有可能进行奇异粒子搜索。测量弱中性电流的强度可以通过使用少量放射性原子陷阱的精密原子实验来辅助，并且可以提高对可能的时间反演违反电偶极矩的灵敏度。
英文摘要：
We review the use of laser cooling and trapping for Standard Model tests, focusing on trapping of radioactive isotopes. Experiments with neutral atoms trapped with modern laser cooling techniques are testing several basic predictions of electroweak unification. For nuclear $β$ decay, demonstrated trap techniques include neutrino momentum measurements from beta-recoil coincidences, along with methods to produce highly polarized samples. These techniques have set the best general constraints on non-Standard Model scalar interactions in the first generation of particles. They also have the promise to test whether parity symmetry is maximally violated, to search for tensor interactions, and to search for new sources of time reversal violation. There are also possibilites for exotic particle searches. Measurements of the strength of the weak neutral current can be assisted by precision atomic experiments using traps of small numbers of radioactive atoms, and sensitivity to possible time-reversal violating electric dipole moments can be improved.
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