局域可控量子系统的非相干控制
Incoherent Control of Locally Controllable Quantum Systems
摘要：
提出了一种用于局域可控量子系统状态控制的非相干控制方案。该方案包括三个步骤：（1）通过适当的幺正变换对初始态进行幅度放大，（2）对放大后的态进行投影测量，（3）通过幺正控制变换进行最终优化。第一步增加一些期望的本征态的振幅和观察这些本征态的相应概率，第二步以高概率将放大的本征态投影到期望的本征态，最后一步将该本征态转向目标态。在这个方案中，两个控制算法的两类量子系统。作为一个例子，非相干控制方案被应用到由外场控制的氢原子。结果支持了这样的建议，即投影测量可以作为一种有效的控制和局部可控性信息可以用来设计量子系统的控制律。因此，该方案在量子系统的控制设计和可控性分析之间建立了一种微妙的联系，为利用部分可控性信息控制量子系统提供了一种有效的工程方法。
英文摘要：
An incoherent control scheme for state control of locally controllable quantum systems is proposed. This scheme includes three steps: (1) amplitude amplification of the initial state by a suitable unitary transformation, (2) projective measurement on the amplified state, and (3) final optimization by a unitary controlled transformation. The first step increases the amplitudes of some desired eigenstates and the corresponding probability of observing these eigenstates, the second step projects, with high probability, the amplified state into a desired eigenstate, and the last step steers this eigenstate into the target state. Within this scheme, two control algorithms are presented for two classes of quantum systems. As an example, the incoherent control scheme is applied to the control of a hydrogen atom by an external field. The results support the suggestion that projective measurements can serve as an effective control and local controllability information can be used to design control laws for quantum systems. Thus, this scheme establishes a subtle connection between control design and controllability analysis of quantum systems and provides an effective engineering approach for controlling quantum systems with partial controllability information.
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