通过非牛顿流体的间歇放气
Intermittent outgassing through a non-Newtonian fluid
摘要：
我们报告了一个实验研究的间歇动力学的气体流动通过一列的非牛顿流体。在给定的恒定流速范围内，系统自发地在两种状态之间交替：在底部发出的气泡要么彼此独立地上升，要么合并以产生一个弯曲的烟道，然后将底部空气入口连接到自由表面。这些观察结果让人想起在火山上观察到的脱气制度的自发变化，并表明，在自然界中，这种现象很可能是由岩浆的非牛顿性质所决定的。我们专注于统计分布的起泡和烟道制度的间歇稳定状态的寿命。鼓泡制度表现出的特征时间，而有趣的是，烟道寿命显示衰减的幂律分布。相关的指数，这是显着小于值1.5经常报告的实验和预测在一些标准的不透明度的情况下，取决于流体的性质，可以解释为系统的两个特征时间的比率。
英文摘要：
We report an experimental study of the intermittent dynamics of a gas flowing through a column of a non-Newtonian fluid. In a given range of the imposed constant flow rate, the system spontaneously alternates between two regimes: bubbles emitted at the bottom either rise independently one from the other or merge to create a winding flue which then connects the bottom air entrance to the free surface. The observations are reminiscent of the spontaneous changes in the degassing regime observed on volcanoes and suggest that, in the nature, such a phenomenon is likely to be governed by the non-Newtonian properties of the magma. We focus on the statistical distribution of the lifespans of the bubbling and flue regimes in the intermittent steady state. The bubbling regime exhibits a characteristic time whereas, interestingly, the flue lifespan displays a decaying power-law distribution. The associated exponent, which is significantly smaller than the value 1.5 often reported experimentally and predicted in some standard intermittency scenarios, depends on the fluid properties and can be interpreted as the ratio of two characteristic times of the system.
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