大视场X射线光电偏振仪气体像素探测器
The Gas Pixel Detector as an X-ray photoelectric polarimeter with a large field of view
摘要：
气体像素探测器（GPD）是新一代的器件，由于其50 μ m的像素，能够成像气体中光电吸收产生的光电子轨迹。由于光电子的发射方向与被吸收光子的偏振方向密切相关，该装置已被提议作为研究天体物理源的偏振计，其灵敏度远远高于迄今为止飞行的仪器。GPD一直被认为是一个焦平面仪器，然后它已被建议包括在下一代星载任务与掠入射光学。相反，在本文中，我们探讨了一种新的应用的GPD和一般的光电偏振计，即具有大视场的仪器的可行性。通过分析处理和测量，验证了倾斜光束保持偏振灵敏度的可能性，为瞬态天体物理源的X射线偏振测量开辟了道路。虽然严重的系统影响出现的倾斜大于约20度，方法和算法来控制它们进行了讨论。
英文摘要：
The Gas Pixel Detector (GPD) is a new generation device which, thanks to its 50 um pixels, is capable of imaging the photoelectrons tracks produced by photoelectric absorption in a gas. Since the direction of emission of the photoelectrons is strongly correlated with the direction of polarization of the absorbed photons, this device has been proposed as a polarimeter for the study of astrophysical sources, with a sensitivity far higher than the instruments flown to date. The GPD has been always regarded as a focal plane instrument and then it has been proposed to be included on the next generation space-borne missions together with a grazing incidence optics. Instead in this paper we explore the feasibility of a new kind of application of the GPD and of the photoelectric polarimeters in general, i.e. an instrument with a large field of view. By means of an analytical treatment and measurements, we verify if it is possible to preserve the sensitivity to the polarization for inclined beams, opening the way for the measurement of X-ray polarization for transient astrophysical sources. While severe systematic effects arise for inclination greater than about 20 degrees, methods and algorithms to control them are discussed.
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