实验和天体物理方案的一对一直接模拟：推动动力学等离子体模拟的极限
One-to-one direct modeling of experiments and astrophysical scenarios: pushing the envelope on kinetic plasma simulations
摘要：
有许多天体物理和实验室的情况下，动力学效应发挥了重要作用。这些范围从天体物理冲击和等离子体壳碰撞，高强度激光等离子体相互作用，应用于快速点火和粒子加速。要进一步了解这些情景，需要进行详细的数值模拟，但完全相对论性的动力学代码计算量很大，对这些情景进行一对一的直接模拟并与实验结果进行直接比较的目标仍然难以实现。在本文中，我们讨论了在进行动力学等离子体模拟实验和天体物理方案所涉及的问题，重点是需要实现一对一的直接建模，以及所涉及的计算要求。我们专注于代码效率和新算法，特别是并行可扩展性问题，即动态负载平衡，高阶插值和提升帧模拟，以优化模拟性能。我们还讨论了这些数值实验所需的新的可视化和数据挖掘工具，并介绍了最近的模拟工作，说明这些技术。
英文摘要：
There are many astrophysical and laboratory scenarios where kinetic effects play an important role. These range from astrophysical shocks and plasma shell collisions, to high intensity laser-plasma interactions, with applications to fast ignition and particle acceleration. Further understanding of these scenarios requires detailed numerical modelling, but fully relativistic kinetic codes are computationally intensive, and the goal of one-to-one direct modelling of such scenarios and direct comparison with experimental results is still difficult to achieve. In this paper we discuss the issues involved in performing kinetic plasma simulations of experiments and astrophysical scenarios, focusing on what needs to be achieved for one-to-one direct modeling, and the computational requirements involved. We focus on code efficiency and new algorithms, specifically on parallel scalability issues, namely on dynamic load balancing, and on high-order interpolation and boosted frame simulations to optimize simulation performance. We also discuss the new visualization and data mining tools required for these numerical experiments and recent simulation work illustrating these techniques is also presented.
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