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arXiv 0810.1609astro-ph
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不透明度的变化能帮助重现混合恒星的脉动吗?

Can opacity changes help to reproduce the hybrid star pulsations?

Thomas Zdravkov, Alexey A. Pamyatnykh

摘要:

像波江座Nu和蝎虎座12这样的溷合恒星表现出两种不同的脉动:(i)周期约为3-6小时的仙王座β型的低阶声学和重力模式,以及(ii)周期约为1.5-3天的SPB型的高阶重力模式。使用OPAL和OP不透明度数据的理论计算很好地再现了Beta Cep型的短周期低阶脉动,并显示出高阶重力模式不稳定的趋势,特别是对于用OP不透明度建立的恒星模型。然而,在观察到的长期不稳定性尚未实现。我们测试了人工不透明度修改的深信封上的一些混合星模型的不稳定性的影响。对于Nu Eri模型,在约20万K的温度下的Z不透明度凸块区域和在约2- 250万度的温度下的更深的不透明度凸块区域中的不透明度增加(该凸块也主要是由于铁族元素的激发离子)可能导致高阶重力模式与观测周期的不稳定性。在修改后的模型中,也可以激发最短的3小时观察期。然而,所需的不透明度增加似乎相当大(在某些恒星层中高达2倍),这可能与原子物理学不相容。

英文摘要:

Hybrid stars like Nu Eridani and 12 Lacertae show two different types of pulsations: (i) low-order acoustic and gravity modes of the Beta Cephei type with periods of about 3-6 hours, and (ii) high-order gravity modes of the SPB type with periods of about 1.5-3 days. Theoretical computations using both OPAL and OP opacity data well reproduce short period low-order pulsations of the Beta Cep type and show a tendency to instability of high-order gravity modes, especially for stellar models built with the OP opacities. However, instability at observed long periods has not been achieved. We test effects of artificial opacity modifications in the deep envelope on the instability of some hybrid star models. For Nu Eri models, an opacity increase both in the Z opacity bump region at temperature of about 200 000 K and in the region of the deeper opacity bump at temperature of about 2-2.5 million degrees (this bump is also mainly due to excited ions of the iron-group elements) may result in instability of the high-order gravity modes with the observed periods. The shortest observed period of 3 hours can also be excited in modified models. However, the required opacity increase seems to be quite large (up to 2 times in some stellar layers) which may be incompatible with atomic physics.

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