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arXiv 0810.1591astro-ph
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大反应网络的气体-颗粒化学的统一蒙特卡罗处理。I.分子云中速率方程的有效性检验

A Unified Monte Carlo Treatment of Gas-Grain Chemistry for Large Reaction Networks. I. Testing Validity of Rate Equations in Molecular Clouds

A. I. Vasyunin, D. A. Semenov, D. S. Wiebe, Th. Henning

摘要:

在这项研究中,我们证明了第一次,统一的蒙特卡罗方法可以应用到大型反应网络中的气体颗粒化学模型。具体来说,我们建立了一个含时的气体颗粒化学模型的星际介质,涉及约6000气相和200颗粒表面反应。这个模型是用来测试的有效性的标准和修改后的速率方程方法在模型中的密集和半透明的分子云,并指定在何种条件下使用的随机方法是可取的。我们发现,在25- 30 K的温度下的H $_2$ O,NH $_3$,CO和许多其他的气相和表面物种在随机模型中的气相丰度不同于那些在确定性模型中的数量级以上,至少,当隧道占和/或扩散能比结合能低3倍。在这种情况下,涉及轻物质的表面反应比相同物质的吸积进行得更快。相比之下,在没有隧道和高结合能的模型中,当表面复合的典型时间尺度大于吸积到晶粒上的时间尺度时,我们在相同的温度范围内获得了Monte Carlo和确定性计算结果之间几乎完美的一致性。在较低的温度($\sim10$ K)的气体,特别是表面丰度的最重要的分子是不受随机过程的影响。

英文摘要:

In this study we demonstrate for the first time that the unified Monte Carlo approach can be applied to model gas-grain chemistry in large reaction networks. Specifically, we build a time-dependent gas-grain chemical model of the interstellar medium, involving about 6000 gas-phase and 200 grain surface reactions. This model is used to test the validity of the standard and modified rate equation methods in models of dense and translucent molecular clouds and to specify under which conditions the use of the stochastic approach is desirable. We found that at temperatures 25--30 K gas-phase abundances of H$_2$O, NH$_3$, CO and many other gas-phase and surface species in the stochastic model differ from those in the deterministic models by more than an order of magnitude, at least, when tunneling is accounted for and/or diffusion energies are 3x lower than the binding energies. In this case, surface reactions, involving light species, proceed faster than accretion of the same species. In contrast, in the model without tunneling and with high binding energies, when the typical timescale of a surface recombination is greater than the timescale of accretion onto the grain, we obtain almost perfect agreement between results of Monte Carlo and deterministic calculations in the same temperature range. At lower temperatures ($\sim10$ K) gaseous and, in particular, surface abundances of most important molecules are not much affected by stochastic processes.

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