具有两个对称吸收态的系统：微观动力学与宏观行为的联系
Systems with two symmetric absorbing states: relating the microscopic dynamics with the macroscopic behavior
摘要：
我们提出了一种研究具有两个对称吸收态的自旋模型的一般方法。从正方形晶格上的微观动力学出发，我们导出了磁化场随时间演化的朗之万方程，成功地解释了广泛的非线性选民模型和具有中间态的系统的粗化特性。我们发现，宏观行为只依赖于自旋翻转概率的一阶导数。此外，平均场项的分析揭示了在这些系统中通常观察到的三种类型的过渡-广义选民，伊辛和定向渗流。自旋动力学的蒙特卡罗模拟定性地与理论预测一致。
英文摘要：
We propose a general approach to study spin models with two symmetric absorbing states. Starting from the microscopic dynamics on a square lattice, we derive a Langevin equation for the time evolution of the magnetization field, that successfully explains coarsening properties of a wide range of nonlinear voter models and systems with intermediate states. We find that the macroscopic behavior only depends on the first derivatives of the spin-flip probabilities. Moreover, an analysis of the mean-field term reveals the three types of transitions commonly observed in these systems -generalized voter, Ising and directed percolation-. Monte Carlo simulations of the spin dynamics qualitatively agree with theoretical predictions.
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