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arXiv 0810.1291astro-ph
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PN .S椭圆星系巡天:NGC 4494中的暗物质

The PN.S Elliptical Galaxy Survey: the dark matter in NGC 4494

N. R. Napolitano, A. J. Romanowsky, L. Coccato, M. Capaccioli, N. G. Douglas, E. Noordermeer, O. Gerhard, M. Arnaboldi, F. De Lorenzi, K. Kuijken, M. R. Merrifi… 展开作者

N. R. Napolitano, A. J. Romanowsky, L. Coccato, M. Capaccioli, N. G. Douglas, E. Noordermeer, O. Gerhard, M. Arnaboldi, F. De Lorenzi, K. Kuijken, M. R. Merrifield, E. O'Sullivan, A. Cortesi, P. Das, K. C. Freeman

摘要:

我们提出了新的行星状星云摄谱仪观测的普通椭圆星系NGC 4494,导致的位置和速度为255 PNE出7个有效半径(25千秒差距)。我们还提出了新的宽视场表面测光从MMT/Megacam,和长缝恒星运动学从VLT/FORS 2。PNe的空间和运动学分布与重叠区的场星一致。平均旋转相对较低,可能的运动学轴扭转在1 Re之外。速度弥散分布随半径下降,但不是很陡,在最后一个数据点下降到~70 km/s。我们已经构建了系统的球形动力学模型,包括Jeans分析与多组件LCDM驱动的星系以及对数势。这些模型包括特别注意轨道各向异性,我们约束使用四阶速度矩。给定几组不同的建模方法和假设,我们发现一致的结果的质量分布的径向范围内的数据约束。一些暗物质(DM)的数据是必需的,我们的最佳拟合的解决方案有一个径向各向异性的恒星晕,一个合理的恒星质光比,和DM晕与一个意想不到的低中心密度。我们发现,这一结果并没有实质性的改变与扁平的轴对称模型。与其他星系晕质量的结果一起,我们发现一个令人费解的模式,其中大多数中等光度的星系有非常低的浓度晕,而一些高质量的椭圆有非常高的浓度的建议。我们讨论了DM和星系形成这些结果的一些可能的影响。

英文摘要:

We present new Planetary Nebula Spectrograph observations of the ordinary elliptical galaxy NGC 4494, resulting in positions and velocities of 255 PNe out to 7 effective radii (25 kpc). We also present new wide-field surface photometry from MMT/Megacam, and long-slit stellar kinematics from VLT/FORS2. The spatial and kinematical distributions of the PNe agree with the field stars in the region of overlap. The mean rotation is relatively low, with a possible kinematic axis twist outside 1 Re. The velocity dispersion profile declines with radius, though not very steeply, down to ~70 km/s at the last data point. We have constructed spherical dynamical models of the system, including Jeans analyses with multi-component LCDM-motivated galaxies as well as logarithmic potentials. These models include special attention to orbital anisotropy, which we constrain using fourth-order velocity moments. Given several different sets of modelling methods and assumptions, we find consistent results for the mass profile within the radial range constrained by the data. Some dark matter (DM) is required by the data; our best-fit solution has a radially anisotropic stellar halo, a plausible stellar mass-to-light ratio, and a DM halo with an unexpectedly low central density. We find that this result does not substantially change with a flattened axisymmetric model. Taken together with other results for galaxy halo masses, we find suggestions for a puzzling pattern wherein most intermediate-luminosity galaxies have very low concentration halos, while some high-mass ellipticals have very high concentrations. We discuss some possible implications of these results for DM and galaxy formation.

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