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arXiv 0810.0829astro-ph
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巨蛇座分子云中一个新的年轻恒星星族的光学特性

Optical Characterization of a New Young Stellar Population in the Serpens Molecular Cloud

Isa Oliveira, Bruno Merin, Klaus M. Pontoppidan, Ewine F. van Dishoeck, Roderik A. Overzier, Jesus Hernundez, Aurora Sicilia-Aguilar, Carlos Eiroa, Benjamin Montesinos

摘要:

我们报告的光学光谱调查的结果,旨在确认青年和确定的光谱类型之间的样本年轻恒星对象(YSO)候选人在巨蛇座分子云。我们观察到150个红外多余物体,以前发现的斯皮策遗产计划“从分子核心到行星形成的恒星”(c2 d),足够明亮的后续斯皮策/IRS光谱。我们获得了78个具有足够信噪比的光谱。消光,有效温度和光度估计为这个样本,并用于构建人口的H-R图。我们确定了20个污染样品的背景巨星,基于它们相对较高的消光,在H-R图中的位置,缺乏H α发射和相对较低的红外过量。如此强烈的背景污染(25%)与巨蛇座接近银河平面(银河纬度5度)的位置相一致。剩下的58颗恒星(75%)都被证实是年轻的,大部分是K型和M型恒星,被认为属于星云。根据理论演化模型推断出YSO的个体年龄和质量。这些模型表明恒星年龄从1到1500万年不等,峰值在2 - 600万年,质量分布为0.2到1.2 Msun,中值约为0.8 Msun。在超过一半的样本(35颗恒星)中检测到强H发射线(EW[H α] > 3 A)。由H谱线宽度得出的质量吸积率分布范围很广,超过4个数量级,平均吸积率为10^-8 Msun/yr。我们的分析表明,在巨蛇座探测到的大多数红外多余物体都是活跃的吸积,年轻的T-Tauri恒星。

英文摘要:

We report on the results of an optical spectroscopic survey designed to confirm the youth and determine the spectral types among a sample of young stellar object (YSO) candidates in the Serpens Molecular Cloud. We observed 150 infrared excess objects, previously discovered by the Spitzer Legacy Program "From Molecular Cores to Planet-Forming Disks" (c2d), bright enough for subsequent Spitzer/IRS spectroscopy. We obtained 78 optical spectra of sufficient S/N for analysis. Extinctions, effective temperatures and luminosities are estimated for this sample, and used to construct H-R diagrams for the population. We identified 20 background giants contaminating the sample, based on their relatively high extinction, position in the H-R diagram, the lack of Halpha emission and relatively low infrared excess. Such strong background contamination (25%) is consistent with the location of Serpens being close to the Galactic plane (5degrees Galactic latitude). The remaining 58 stars (75%) were all confirmed to be young, mostly K and M-type stars that are presumed to belong to the cloud. Individual ages and masses for the YSOs are inferred based on theoretical evolutionary models. The models indicate a spread in stellar ages from 1 to 15 Myr, peaking at 2 - 6 Myr, and a mass distribution of 0.2 to 1.2 Msun with median value around 0.8 Msun. Strong H emission lines (EW[Halpha] > 3 A) have been detected in more than half of the sample (35 stars). The mass accretion rates as derived from the H line widths span a broad distribution over 4 orders of magnitude with median accretion rate of 10^-8 Msun/yr. Our analysis shows that the majority of the infrared excess objects detected in Serpens are actively accreting, young T-Tauri stars.

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