草坪网球滚动摩擦实验与特劳顿粘度
Lawn tennis balls, Rolling friction experiment and Trouton viscosity
摘要：
我们任意拿了三个草地网球。一个是旧的，一个是旧的，另一个是新的。制造传送带装置，我们测量了三个球的滚动摩擦系数$μ_{r}$作为它们的角速度$ω_{ball}$的函数。在所有三种情况下，绘制结果并使用线性拟合，我们得到了$μ_{r}= k_{rol} ω_{ball}$形式的关系，并推导出了比例常数$k_{rol}$。此外，草地网球的球芯是由硫化印度橡胶制成的。使用已知的硫化印度橡胶的杨氏模量和剪切粘度值在$k_{rol}$的理论公式中，我们估计$k_{rol}$ s的硫化印度橡胶制成的芯，假设特劳顿比为3。球的实验结果和半理论估计的核心，$k_{rol}$，是相同的数量级。
英文摘要：
We took three lawn tennis balls arbitrarily. One was moderately old, one was old and another was new. Fabricating a conveyor belt set-up we have measured rolling friction coefficients, $μ_{r}$, of the three balls as a function of their angular velocities, $ω_{ball}$. In all the three cases, plotting the results and using linear fits, we have obtained relations of the form $μ_{r}= k_{rol} ω_{ball}$ and have deduced the proportionality constant $k_{rol}$. Moreover, core of a lawn tennis ball is made of vulcanised India-rubber. Using the known values of Young modulus and shear viscosity of vulcanised India-rubbers in the theoretical formula for $k_{rol}$, we estimate $k_{rol}$s for the cores made of vulcanised India-rubbers, assuming Trouton ratio as three. The experimental results for the balls and the semi-theoretical estimates for the cores, of $k_{rol}$, are of the same order of magnitudes.
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