长寿命负电荷轻子粒子催化的大爆炸核合成反应
Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis Reactions Catalyzed by a Long-Lived Negatively Charged Leptonic Particle
摘要：
用精确的量子三体方法计算了由长寿命的带负电荷的大质量轻子粒子（称为X^-）如超对称粒子（SUSY）Stau催化的新型大爆炸核合成（BBN）反应.本文研究的反应包括：（4 He X）+d -> 6Li+X的4 He转移反应，（7 Be X）+ p ->（8BX）+ γ的辐射俘获反应，（7 Li X）+ p -> 4 He +4 He +X的三体分裂反应，（pX）+4 He->（4 He X）+p的电荷交换反应，以及v）中子诱导反应，例如（8Be X）+ n -> 9 Be +X，其中（AX）表示核A和X^-的库仑束缚态。在最近的论文中，已经声称某些催化的BBN反应具有显著大的截面，从而显著改变某些元素的丰度，不仅解决了6Li-7 Li问题，（计算出6Li的生产不足1000倍，7 Li +7 Be的生产过剩近3倍）但也对X^-的寿命和原始丰度施加了严格的限制。然而，大多数文献中的这些反应截面的计算是假设过于幼稚的模型或近似，不适合复杂的低能核反应。我们使用作者开发的高精度少体计算方法，并提供这些催化BBN反应的精确截面和速率用于BBN网络计算。
英文摘要：
An accurate quantum three-body calculation is performed for the new type of big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) reactions that are catalyzed by a long-lived negatively-charged, massive leptonic particle (called X^-) such as the supersymmetric (SUSY) particle stau. The reactions studied here includes, i) 4He-transfer reactions such as (4He X)+d --> 6Li+X, ii) radiative capture reactions such as (7Be X)+ p --> (8B X) + gamma, iii) three-body breakup reactions such as (7Li X)+ p --> 4He+4He+X, iv) charge-exchange reactions such as (p X)+4He -->(4He X) +p, and v) neutron induced reactions such as (8Be X)+ n -->9Be+X, where (A X) denotes a Coulombic bound state of a nucleus A and X^-. In recent papers it has been claimed that some of the catalyzed BBN reactions have significantly large cross sections so as to markedly change the abundances of some elements, not only giving a solution to the 6Li-7Li problem (calculated underproduction of 6Li by a factor of 1000 and overproduction of 7Li+7Be by a factor of nearly 3) but also imposing strong restrictions on the lifetime and the primordial abundance of X^-. However, most of the calculations of these reaction cross sections in the literature were performed assuming too naive models or approximations that are unsuitable for the complicated low-energy nuclear reactions. We use a high-accuracy few-body calculational method developed by the authors, and provide precise cross sections and rates of these catalyzed BBN reactions for use in the BBN network calculation.
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