PGA巡回赛中的支配、恐吓和“窒息”
Dominance, Intimidation, and `Choking' on the PGA Tour
摘要：
扩展Connolly和Rendleman（2008）的工作，我们记录了老虎伍兹在1998-2001年PGA巡回赛赛季的统治地位。我们表明，通过打“平均”，伍兹可以赢得一些比赛，并放置不低于第四次在比赛中，他参加了2000年，他最好的PGA巡回赛。在我们的样本中，没有其他PGA巡回赛球员可以接近这样的壮举。我们也能够量化与伍兹一起打球的恐吓因素。平均而言，在1998-2001年期间与伍兹配对的球员每轮得分比正常水平低0.462杆。虽然我们发现伍兹在锦标赛中的出现可能对整个球场产生了一个很小的，但在统计学上是显著的不利影响，但这种影响被与老虎队并肩作战相关的明显的恐吓因素所淹没。我们还证明，菲尔米克尔森的表现在主要的高尔夫锦标赛在1998-2001年期间是不是几乎一样糟糕，经常提到的高尔夫媒体。虽然米克尔森在这段时间没有赢得大满贯赛，但他打得很好，在正常情况下赢得了一两个大满贯赛。此外，相对于他的估计技术水平，他在大满贯赛事中的整体表现与老虎伍兹相当，老虎伍兹在我们四年的样本期内赢得了16个大满贯赛事中的5个。因此，伍兹在1998-2001年期间作为高尔夫球的统治者的一般特征是准确的，但菲尔米克尔森在大满贯赛中窒息的频繁特征是不准确的。
英文摘要：
Extending the work of Connolly and Rendleman (2008), we document the dominance of Tiger Woods during the 1998-2001 PGA Tour seasons. We show that by playing "average," Woods could have won some tournaments and placed no worse than fourth in the tournaments in which he participated in year 2000, his best on the PGA Tour. No other PGA Tour player in our sample could have come close to such a feat. We also are able to quantify the intimidation factor associated with playing with Woods. On average, players who were paired with Woods during the 1998-2001 period scored 0.462 strokes per round worse than normal. Although we find that Woods' presence in a tournament may have had a small, but statistically significant adverse impact on the entire field, this effect was swamped by the apparent intimidation factor associated with having to play with Tiger side-by-side. We also demonstrate that Phil Mickelson's performance in major golf championships over the 1998-2001 period was not nearly as bad as was frequently mentioned in the golf press. Although Mickelson won no majors during this period, he played sufficiently well to have won one or two majors under normal circumstances. Moreover, his overall performance in majors, relative to his estimated skill level, was comparable to that of Tiger Woods, who won five of 16 major golf championships during our four-year sample period. Thus, the general characterization of Woods as golf's dominant player over the 1998-2001 period was accurate, but the frequent characterization of Phil Mickelson choking in majors was not.
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