静止辐射星系团的径向结构、入流和中心质量
Radial structure, inflow & central mass of stationary radiative galaxy clusters
摘要：
我们分析了由多种相互渗透的流体组成的自引力球的径向结构，如X射线发射气体和星系团的暗晕。在这些双多方模型中，绝热的暗物质处于平衡状态，而气体则形成一个渐进的、平滑的、准静止的冷却流。两者都影响并响应集体引力场。我们发现，所有的亚音速，径向连续，稳定的解决方案需要一个非零的最小中心质点。对于具有7到10个有效自由度（F2）的Mpc大小的晕，最小中心质量与超大质量黑洞的观测结果是一致的。较小的气体质量流入使得较小的中心质量能够用于更宽的F2范围。晕包括围绕中心质量的尖锐尖峰，嵌入在密度几乎恒定的核心（10-10^2.5kpc尺度）中，外围在有限半径（几Mpc）处变窄并自然截断。气体密度在半径上类似于一个被打破的幂律，但温度在黑暗的核心内下降和达到峰值。有限的最低温度是由于重力自加热而产生的，没有冷质量脱落，也不需要调节加热。从团内介质发出的X射线模拟了一个β模型加上明亮的致密核。气流中的近音速点是允许稳定解的瓶颈;最外面的是kpc尺度。这些网站可能会优先发展冷质量脱落在强扰动平衡。在音速点内，气体比熵的分布比sr ^{1/2}平坦，但这是一个浅斜坡，而不是等熵核。当F2较大时，内晕尖峰在中央pc中仅略微保持金斯稳定，这表明大的非线性扰动可能会触发中央天体的局部暗坍缩。
英文摘要：
We analyse the radial structure of self-gravitating spheres consisting of multiple interpenetrating fluids, such as the X-ray emitting gas and the dark halo of a galaxy cluster. In these dipolytropic models, adiabatic dark matter sits in equilibrium, while the gas develops a gradual, smooth, quasi-stationary cooling flow. Both affect and respond to the collective gravitational field. We find that all subsonic, radially continuous, steady solutions require a non-zero minimum central point mass. For Mpc-sized halos with 7 to 10 effective degrees of freedom (F2), the minimum central mass is compatible with observations of supermassive black holes. Smaller gas mass influxes enable smaller central masses for wider ranges of F2. The halo comprises a sharp spike around the central mass, embedded within a core of nearly constant density (at 10-10^2.5kpc scales), with outskirts that attenuate and naturally truncate at finite radius (several Mpc). The gas density resembles a broken power law in radius, but the temperature dips and peaks within the dark core. A finite minimum temperature occurs due to gravitational self-warming, without cold mass dropout nor needing regulatory heating. X-ray emission from the intracluster medium mimics a beta-model plus bright compact nucleus. Near-sonic points in the gas flow are bottlenecks to allowed steady solutions; the outermost are at kpc scales. These sites may preferentially develop cold mass dropout during strong perturbations off equilibrium. Within the sonic point, the profile of gas specific entropy is flatter than s r^{1/2}, but this is a shallow ramp and not an isentropic core. When F2 is large, the inner halo spike is only marginally Jeans stable in the central pc, suggesting that a large non-linear disturbance could trigger local dark collapse onto the central object.
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