二维和三维稀玻色气体中的阻尼
Damping in 2D and 3D dilute Bose gases
摘要：
采用流体动力学方法和Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov（HFB）近似研究了二维和三维稀气体中的阻尼。结果表明，这两种方法对零温下的Beliaev阻尼和低温下的Landau阻尼都有较好的估计，但在高温下，流体动力学方法高估了Landau阻尼，而HFB方法给出了更好的近似.这一结果表明，Vincent Liu（PRL { \bf 21} 4056（1997））用流体动力学方法进行的理论计算与高温实验数据的比较是不恰当的。对于二维系统，我们证明了Beliaev阻尼率与$k^3$成正比，Landau阻尼率在低温时与$ T^2$成正比，在高温时与$T$成正比.我们还表明，在两个维度的流体动力学的方法给出了相同的结果为零温度和低温HFB，但高估了高温的朗道阻尼。
英文摘要：
Damping in 2D and 3D dilute gases is investigated using both the hydrodynamical approach and the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) approximation . We found that the both methods are good for the Beliaev damping at zero temperature and Landau damping at very low temperature, however, at high temperature, the hydrodynamical approach overestimates the Landau damping and the HFB gives a better approximation. This result shows that the comparison of the theoretical calculation using the hydrodynamical approach and the experimental data for high temperature done by Vincent Liu (PRL {\bf21} 4056 (1997)) is not proper. For two-dimensional systems, we show that the Beliaev damping rate is proportional to $k^3$ and the Landau damping rate is proportional to $ T^2$ for low temperature and to $T$ for high temperature. We also show that in two dimensions the hydrodynamical approach gives the same result for zero temperature and for low temperature as HFB, but overestimates the Landau damping for high temperature.
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