NICEST，一种为小尺度结构量身定制的近红外颜色过量方法
NICEST, a near-infrared color excess method tailored for small-scale structures
摘要：
观测数据和理论计算表明，暗分子云中存在重要的小尺度子结构。这些不均匀性可以为云内的物理条件提供宝贵的线索，但也会严重影响消光测量。我们提出了NICEST，一种新的方法来解释和纠正分子云灭绝研究中的不均匀性。该方法，对数值模拟测试，几乎完全消除了亚像素结构和前景恒星的污染所引入的偏见。我们将NICEST应用于Pipe分子复合物的2MASS数据。由此得到的图显示出比标准NICER图（Lombardi等，2001）明显更高的消光峰（A_K高达0.41等）。这第一次应用证实，在附近的分子云的子结构，如果不考虑，可以显着偏置消光测量的区域与A_K > 1等，而且，这种影响，预计将增加更遥远的分子云，因为较差的物理分辨率实现。
英文摘要：
Observational data and theoretical calculations show that significant small-scale substructures are present in dark molecular clouds. These inhomogeneities can provide precious hints on the physical conditions inside the clouds, but can also severely bias extinction measurements. We present NICEST, a novel method to account and correct for inhomogeneities in molecular cloud extinction studies. The method, tested against numerical simulations, removes almost completely the biases introduced by sub-pixel structures and by the contamination of foreground stars. We applied NICEST to 2MASS data of the Pipe molecular complex. The map thereby obtained shows significantly higher (up to 0.41 mag in A_K) extinction peaks than the standard NICER (Lombardi et al. 2001) map. This first application confirms that substructures in nearby molecular clouds, if not accounted for, can significantly bias extinction measurements in regions with A_K > 1 mag; the effect, moreover, is expected to increase in more distant molecular cloud, because of the poorer physical resolution achievable.
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