旋转光、OAM佯谬与相对论性复标量场
Rotating light, OAM paradox and relativistic complex scalar field
摘要：
最近的研究表明，旋转光束的角动量，包括自旋和轨道，具有违反直觉的特性。基于光的复无质量标量场表示，提出了一种新的方法来研究光的轨道角动量问题。在广义相对论框架下，讨论了旋转系统中标量场的协变方程。首先证明了标量场的U（1）规范流与傍轴光场的坡印廷矢量连续性方程的等价性，然后将其应用于旋转光束的轨道角动量的计算。如果恰当地考虑了反、反和物理量之间的差别，就不会在旋转光的轨道角动量中产生任何佯谬。我们可以人为地模拟这种矛盾的情形，但在当前的形式主义中，这种模拟是错误的。结果表明，由方位指数相反的模组成的旋转光束的轨道角动量与刚性旋转光束的轨道角动量相对应。简要回顾了非惯性系中的电磁学，并提出了一种基于旋转系统的全协变麦克斯韦场方法来研究旋转光现象。
英文摘要：
Recent studies show that the angular momentum, both spin and orbital, of rotating light beams possesses counter-intuitive characteristics. We present a new approach to the question of orbital angular momentum of light based on the complex massless scalar field representation of light. The covariant equation for the scalar field is treated in rotating system using the general relativistic framework. First we show the equivalence of the U(1) gauge current for the scalar field with the Poynting vector continuity equation for paraxial light, and then apply the formalism to the calculation of the orbital angular momentum of rotating light beams. If the difference between the co-, contra-, and physical quantities is properly accounted for there does not result any paradox in the orbital angular momentum of rotating light. An artificial analogue of the paradoxical situation could be constructed but it is wrong within the present formalism. It is shown that the orbital angular momentum of rotating beam comprising of modes with opposite azimuthal indices corresponds to that of rigid rotation. A short review on the electromagnetism in noninertial systems is presented to motivate a fully covariant Maxwell field approach in rotating system to address the rotating light phenomenon.
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